Journal ArticleDOI
A million spiking-neuron integrated circuit with a scalable communication network and interface
Paul A. Merolla,John V. Arthur,Rodrigo Alvarez-Icaza,Andrew S. Cassidy,Jun Sawada,Filipp Akopyan,Bryan L. Jackson,Nabil Imam,Chen Guo,Yutaka Nakamura,Bernard Brezzo,Ivan Vo,Steven K. Esser,Rathinakumar Appuswamy,Brian Taba,Arnon Amir,Myron D. Flickner,William P. Risk,Rajit Manohar,Dharmendra S. Modha +19 more
TLDR
Inspired by the brain’s structure, an efficient, scalable, and flexible non–von Neumann architecture is developed that leverages contemporary silicon technology and is well suited to many applications that use complex neural networks in real time, for example, multiobject detection and classification.Abstract:
Inspired by the brain’s structure, we have developed an efficient, scalable, and flexible non–von Neumann architecture that leverages contemporary silicon technology. To demonstrate, we built a 5.4-billion-transistor chip with 4096 neurosynaptic cores interconnected via an intrachip network that integrates 1 million programmable spiking neurons and 256 million configurable synapses. Chips can be tiled in two dimensions via an interchip communication interface, seamlessly scaling the architecture to a cortexlike sheet of arbitrary size. The architecture is well suited to many applications that use complex neural networks in real time, for example, multiobject detection and classification. With 400-pixel-by-240-pixel video input at 30 frames per second, the chip consumes 63 milliwatts.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Next generation cloud computing
Blesson Varghese,Rajkumar Buyya +1 more
TL;DR: The changing cloud infrastructure is discussed and the use of infrastructure from multiple providers and the benefit of decentralising computing away from data centers is considered, leading to a roadmap of challenges that will need to be addressed for realising the potential of next generation cloud systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The End of Moore's Law: A New Beginning for Information Technology
TL;DR: The "end of Moore's law" as discussed by the authors has been widely recognized as a major barrier to further miniaturization of semiconductor technology. But the field effect transistor is approaching some physical limits, and the associated rising costs and reduced return on investment appear to be slowing the pace of development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photonics for artificial intelligence and neuromorphic computing
Bhavin J. Shastri,Alexander N. Tait,Thomas Ferreira de Lima,Wolfram H. P. Pernice,Harish Bhaskaran,C. David Wright,Paul R. Prucnal +6 more
TL;DR: Recent advances in integrated photonic neuromorphic neuromorphic systems are reviewed, current and future challenges are discussed, and the advances in science and technology needed to meet those challenges are outlined.
Proceedings Article
SLAYER: Spike Layer Error Reassignment in Time
TL;DR: A new general back Propagation mechanism for learning synaptic weights and axonal delays which overcomes the problem of non-differentiability of the spike function and uses a temporal credit assignment policy for backpropagating error to preceding layers is introduced.
Posted Content
Next Generation Cloud Computing: New Trends and Research Directions
Blesson Varghese,Rajkumar Buyya +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the changing cloud infrastructure and consider the use of infrastructure from multiple providers and the benefit of decentralising computing away from data centers, and lay out a roadmap of challenges that will need to be addressed for realising the potential of next generation cloud systems.
References
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Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex
David H. Hubel,Torsten N. Wiesel +1 more
TL;DR: This method is used to examine receptive fields of a more complex type and to make additional observations on binocular interaction and this approach is necessary in order to understand the behaviour of individual cells, but it fails to deal with the problem of the relationship of one cell to its neighbours.
Journal ArticleDOI
Can programming be liberated from the von Neumann style?: a functional style and its algebra of programs
TL;DR: A new class of computing systems uses the functional programming style both in its programming language and in its state transition rules; these systems have semantics loosely coupled to states—only one state transition occurs per major computation.
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Object vision and spatial vision: two cortical pathways
TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed indicating that striate cortex in the monkey is the source of two multisynaptic corticocortical pathways, one of which enables the visual identification of objects and the other allows instead the visual location of objects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modality and topographic properties of single neurons of cat's somatic sensory cortex.
TL;DR: Observations upon the modality and topographical attributes of single neurons of the first somatic sensory area of the cat’s cerebral cortex, the analogue of the cortex of the postcentral gyrus in the primate brain, support an hypothesis of the functional organization of this cortical area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal circuits of the neocortex
TL;DR: It is found that, as has long been suspected by cortical neuroanatomists, the same basic laminar and tangential organization of the excitatory neurons of the neocortex is evident wherever it has been sought.
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