A Proposed Classification of the Immunological Diseases
TLDR
The formal recognition and genetic understanding of the autoinflammatory diseases has defined mechanisms of self-directed inflammation that are independent of adaptive immunity.Abstract:
The formal recognition and genetic understanding of the autoinflammatory diseases has defined mechanisms of self-directed inflammation that are independent of adaptive immunity.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Inflammasomes: Guardians of the Body
TL;DR: The role of NLRs, and in particular the inflammasomes, in the recognition of microbial and danger components and the role they play in health and disease are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance
Bolormaa Vandanmagsar,Yun-Hee Youm,Anthony Ravussin,Jose E. Galgani,Krisztian Stadler,Randall L. Mynatt,Eric Ravussin,Jacqueline M. Stephens,Vishwa Deep Dixit +8 more
TL;DR: It is established that calorie restriction and exercise-mediated weight loss in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes is associated with a reduction in adipose tissue expression of Nlrp3 as well as with decreased inflammation and improved insulin sensitivity, and that the NlrP3 inflammasome senses obesity-associated danger signals and contributes to obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance.
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Psychological Stress in Childhood and Susceptibility to the Chronic Diseases of Aging: Moving toward a Model of Behavioral and Biological Mechanisms.
TL;DR: A biological embedding model is presented that maintains that childhood stress gets "programmed" into macrophages through epigenetic markings, posttranslational modifications, and tissue remodeling, and proposes that over the life course, these proinflammatory tendencies are exacerbated by behavioral proclivities and hormonal dysregulation, themselves the products of exposure to early stress.
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The Role of Cytokines including Interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced Pneumonia and Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Like Disease.
TL;DR: A model for the classification of MAS is provided to stratify the MAS-like presentation in COVID-19 pneumonia and the complexities of discerning ARDS from MAS are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Horror Autoinflammaticus: The Molecular Pathophysiology of Autoinflammatory Disease
TL;DR: An updated classification scheme based on molecular pathophysiology will bring greater clarity to discourse while catalyzing new hypotheses both at the bench and at the bedside, supplanting a clinical classification that has served well but is opaque to the genetic, immunologic, and therapeutic interrelationships now before us.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease
Jean-Pierre Hugot,Mathias Chamaillard,Mathias Chamaillard,Habib Zouali,Suzanne Lesage,Jean-Pierre Cézard,Jacques Belaiche,Sven Almer,Curt Tysk,Colm O'Morain,Miquel A. Gassull,Vibeke Binder,Yigael Finkel,Antoine Cortot,Robert Modigliani,Pierre Laurent-Puig,C. Gower-Rousseau,J. Macry,Jean-Frederic Colombel,Mourad Sahbatou,Gilles Thomas,Gilles Thomas +21 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the NOD2 gene product confers susceptibility to Crohn's disease by altering the recognition of these components and/or by over-activating NF-kB in monocytes, thus documenting a molecular model for the pathogenic mechanism of Crohn’s disease that can now be further investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease
Yasunori Ogura,Denise K. Bonen,Naohiro Inohara,Dan L. Nicolae,Felicia F. Chen,Richard Ramos,Heidi M. Britton,Thomas M. Moran,Reda Karaliuskas,Richard H. Duerr,Jean-Paul Achkar,Steven R. Brant,Theodore M. Bayless,Barbara S. Kirschner,Stephen B. Hanauer,Gabriel Núñez,Judy H. Cho +16 more
TL;DR: It is shown that a frameshift mutation caused by a cytosine insertion, 3020insC, which is expected to encode a truncated NOD2 protein, is associated with Crohn's disease, and a link between an innate immune response to bacterial components and development of disease is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tolerance, danger, and the extended family.
TL;DR: The possibility that the immune system does not care about self and non-self, that its primary driving force is the need to detect and protect against danger, and that it does not do the job alone, but receives positive and negative communications from an extended network of other bodily tissues is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome
TL;DR: It is shown that MSU and CPPD engage the caspase-1-activating NALP3 (also called cryopyrin) inflammasome, resulting in the production of active interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in mice deficient in the IL-1β receptor.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Danger Model: A Renewed Sense of Self
TL;DR: A model of immunity based on the idea that the immune system is more concerned with entities that do damage than with those that are foreign is outlined.
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