Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in peripheral nerve regeneration
Jami L. Scheib,Ahmet Hoke +1 more
TLDR
Use of rodent models of chronic denervation will facilitate the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration and create the potential to test therapeutic advances.Abstract:
Rodent models of nerve injury have increased our understanding of peripheral nerve regeneration, but clinical applications have been scarce, partly because such models do not adequately recapitulate the situation in humans. In human injuries, axons are often required to extend over much longer distances than in mice, and injury leaves distal nerve fibres and target tissues without axonal contact for extended amounts of time. Distal Schwann cells undergo atrophy owing to the lack of contact with proximal neurons, which results in reduced expression of neurotrophic growth factors, changes in the extracellular matrix and loss of Schwann cell basal lamina, all of which hamper axonal extension. Furthermore, atrophy and denervation-related changes in target tissues make good functional recovery difficult to achieve even when axons regenerate all the way to the target tissue. To improve functional outcomes in humans, strategies to increase the speed of axonal growth, maintain Schwann cells in a healthy, repair-capable state and keep target tissues receptive to reinnervation are needed. Use of rodent models of chronic denervation will facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration and create the potential to test therapeutic advances.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
Repair and Regeneration After Important Visceral Injury
Biao Cheng,Xiaobing Fu,Jianxin Jiang,Ce Yang,Haisheng Li,Shuyong Wang,Yunfang Wang,Yuesheng Huang,Xiaoguang Li,Zhaoyang Yang,Hongmei Duan,Wen Zhao,Yudan Gao,Peng Hao +13 more
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the role of infection, uncontrolled inflammatory response, and oxygen-free radical activation in the occurrence of severe visceral organ damage after severe trauma, which is the primary cause of disability and death.
Posted ContentDOI
The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is not a promising therapeutic target for PNS regeneration enhancement
TL;DR: The data suggests that the Wnt signaling pathway is not a strong therapeutic target for the enhancement of PNS regeneration, and a combination of genetic and pharmacological approaches to either activate or inhibit the WNT signaling pathway during PNS recovery are found.
Journal ArticleDOI
Schwann Cells Contribute to Alveolar Bone Regeneration by Promoting Cell Proliferation
Xiaohan Zhang,Qiuchan Xiong,Weiming Li,Qian Wang,Danting Zhang,Ruoshi Xu,Xinyi Zhou,Shiwen Zhang,Lin Peng,Quan Yuan +9 more
TL;DR: In this article , a pivotal role of Schwann cell-derived cells in alveolar bone regeneration through specific ablation of proteolipid protein 1 (Plp)expressing cells and the transplantation of teased nerve fibers and associated cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advancing Peripheral Nerve Graft Transplantation for Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Repair
Jacob Kjell,Mikael Svensson +1 more
TL;DR: The advantages of PNG from a clinical and surgical perspective, the need for adding/repairing long tracts, how PNGs are best applied for incomplete injuries, and the unexplored areas the authors believe are in need of answers are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of two distinct macrophage subsets with divergent effects causing either neurotoxicity or regeneration in the injured mouse spinal cord.
Kristina A. Kigerl,John C. Gensel,Daniel P. Ankeny,Jessica K. Alexander,Dustin J. Donnelly,Phillip G. Popovich +5 more
TL;DR: Together, these data suggest that polarizing the differentiation of resident microglia and infiltrating blood monocytes toward an M2 or “alternatively” activated macrophage phenotype could promote CNS repair while limiting secondary inflammatory-mediated injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system "bridges" after central nervous system injury in adult rats
Samuel David,Albert J. Aguayo +1 more
TL;DR: The origin, termination, and length of axonal growth after focal central nervous system injury was examined in adult rats by means of a new experimental model and the regenerative potential of these central neurons seems to be expressed when the central nervous System glial environment is changed to that of the peripheral nervous system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Erratum: Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation
TL;DR: The authors would like to include as an addendum the contribution of R. Stout and J. Suttles to the conceptual framework of macrophage plasticity that was mentioned in the Review.
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