Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in peripheral nerve regeneration
Jami L. Scheib,Ahmet Hoke +1 more
TLDR
Use of rodent models of chronic denervation will facilitate the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration and create the potential to test therapeutic advances.Abstract:
Rodent models of nerve injury have increased our understanding of peripheral nerve regeneration, but clinical applications have been scarce, partly because such models do not adequately recapitulate the situation in humans. In human injuries, axons are often required to extend over much longer distances than in mice, and injury leaves distal nerve fibres and target tissues without axonal contact for extended amounts of time. Distal Schwann cells undergo atrophy owing to the lack of contact with proximal neurons, which results in reduced expression of neurotrophic growth factors, changes in the extracellular matrix and loss of Schwann cell basal lamina, all of which hamper axonal extension. Furthermore, atrophy and denervation-related changes in target tissues make good functional recovery difficult to achieve even when axons regenerate all the way to the target tissue. To improve functional outcomes in humans, strategies to increase the speed of axonal growth, maintain Schwann cells in a healthy, repair-capable state and keep target tissues receptive to reinnervation are needed. Use of rodent models of chronic denervation will facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration and create the potential to test therapeutic advances.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Platelet-rich plasma, a source of autologous growth factors and biomimetic scaffold for peripheral nerve regeneration
Mikel Sánchez,Eduardo Anitua,Diego Delgado,Peio Sanchez,Roberto Prado,Gorka Orive,Sabino Padilla +6 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on autologous fibrin, plasma and platelet-derived growth factors as filler or scaffolds that can synergize with the gold standard therapy and other nerve guidance conduits and is applied as a filler of nerve conduits or vein-muscle grafts across nerve gaps post trauma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deep Sequencing and Bioinformatic Analysis of Lesioned Sciatic Nerves after Crush Injury.
Sheng Yi,Honghong Zhang,Leilei Gong,Jiancheng Wu,Guangbin Zha,Songlin Zhou,Xiaosong Gu,Bin Yu +7 more
TL;DR: The data obtained in the current study may help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve regeneration from the perspective of gene regulation, and to identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Corneal epithelial cells function as surrogate Schwann cells for their sensory nerves
TL;DR: Evidence is presented for the hypothesis that corneal epithelial cells function as glial cells to support intraepithelial cornea nerves (ICNs) during homeostasis and in response to injury and to propose that ICNs shed their aged and damaged termini and continuously elongate to maintain their density.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthetic polymer scaffolds for soft tissue engineering.
TL;DR: The current materials that are usually the most used for the fabrication of scaffolds for soft TE and examples of their applications for the regenerative purposes of soft tissue, as well as their major physicochemical characteristics regarding the increased applicability of these materials in medicine, are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
MSC spheroids-loaded collagen hydrogels simultaneously promote neuronal differentiation and suppress inflammatory reaction through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
TL;DR: A simple approach for improving MSC-based therapies for neuron-related diseases, but also shed insight on understanding the underlying mechanisms of M SC-mediated neuronal differentiation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of two distinct macrophage subsets with divergent effects causing either neurotoxicity or regeneration in the injured mouse spinal cord.
Kristina A. Kigerl,John C. Gensel,Daniel P. Ankeny,Jessica K. Alexander,Dustin J. Donnelly,Phillip G. Popovich +5 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system "bridges" after central nervous system injury in adult rats
Samuel David,Albert J. Aguayo +1 more
TL;DR: The origin, termination, and length of axonal growth after focal central nervous system injury was examined in adult rats by means of a new experimental model and the regenerative potential of these central neurons seems to be expressed when the central nervous System glial environment is changed to that of the peripheral nervous system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Erratum: Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation
TL;DR: The authors would like to include as an addendum the contribution of R. Stout and J. Suttles to the conceptual framework of macrophage plasticity that was mentioned in the Review.
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