Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in peripheral nerve regeneration
Jami L. Scheib,Ahmet Hoke +1 more
TLDR
Use of rodent models of chronic denervation will facilitate the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration and create the potential to test therapeutic advances.Abstract:
Rodent models of nerve injury have increased our understanding of peripheral nerve regeneration, but clinical applications have been scarce, partly because such models do not adequately recapitulate the situation in humans. In human injuries, axons are often required to extend over much longer distances than in mice, and injury leaves distal nerve fibres and target tissues without axonal contact for extended amounts of time. Distal Schwann cells undergo atrophy owing to the lack of contact with proximal neurons, which results in reduced expression of neurotrophic growth factors, changes in the extracellular matrix and loss of Schwann cell basal lamina, all of which hamper axonal extension. Furthermore, atrophy and denervation-related changes in target tissues make good functional recovery difficult to achieve even when axons regenerate all the way to the target tissue. To improve functional outcomes in humans, strategies to increase the speed of axonal growth, maintain Schwann cells in a healthy, repair-capable state and keep target tissues receptive to reinnervation are needed. Use of rodent models of chronic denervation will facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration and create the potential to test therapeutic advances.read more
Citations
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Semi-synthetic hydrogel composition and stiffness regulate neuronal morphogenesis.
Yulia Berkovitch,Dror Seliktar +1 more
TL;DR: A range of hydrogel compositions were found to support DRG cell outgrowth, based on the mechanical properties, density and proteolytic degradation of the matrix, which provided the unique extracellular matrix (ECM) for controlling neuronal cell morphogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ciguatoxin reduces regenerative capacity of axotomized peripheral neurons and delays functional recovery in pre-exposed mice after peripheral nerve injury
Ngan Pan Bennett Au,Gajendra Kumar,Pallavi Asthana,Chung Tin,Yim Ling Mak,Leo Lai Chan,Paul K.S. Lam,Chi Him Eddie Ma +7 more
TL;DR: This study provides strong evidence that the persistence of P-CTX-1 in peripheral nerves reduces the intrinsic growth capacity of peripheral neurons, resulting in delayed functional recovery after injury.
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Cellular and molecular features of neurogenic skeletal muscle atrophy
Jeffrey T. Ehmsen,Ahmet Hoke +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of histologic features of neurogenic atrophy and a summary of current understanding of underlying mechanisms are provided.
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Electrospinning nanofibers of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates for applications in medical tissue engineering
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Axonal regeneration and sprouting as a potential therapeutic target for nervous system disorders
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss axon sprouting as a potential therapeutic target for ALS, and the use of compartmentalized microfluidic devices to find drugs that enhance regeneration and axonal sprouting of motor axons.
References
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Identification of two distinct macrophage subsets with divergent effects causing either neurotoxicity or regeneration in the injured mouse spinal cord.
Kristina A. Kigerl,John C. Gensel,Daniel P. Ankeny,Jessica K. Alexander,Dustin J. Donnelly,Phillip G. Popovich +5 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system "bridges" after central nervous system injury in adult rats
Samuel David,Albert J. Aguayo +1 more
TL;DR: The origin, termination, and length of axonal growth after focal central nervous system injury was examined in adult rats by means of a new experimental model and the regenerative potential of these central neurons seems to be expressed when the central nervous System glial environment is changed to that of the peripheral nervous system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Erratum: Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation
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