Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in peripheral nerve regeneration
Jami L. Scheib,Ahmet Hoke +1 more
TLDR
Use of rodent models of chronic denervation will facilitate the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration and create the potential to test therapeutic advances.Abstract:
Rodent models of nerve injury have increased our understanding of peripheral nerve regeneration, but clinical applications have been scarce, partly because such models do not adequately recapitulate the situation in humans. In human injuries, axons are often required to extend over much longer distances than in mice, and injury leaves distal nerve fibres and target tissues without axonal contact for extended amounts of time. Distal Schwann cells undergo atrophy owing to the lack of contact with proximal neurons, which results in reduced expression of neurotrophic growth factors, changes in the extracellular matrix and loss of Schwann cell basal lamina, all of which hamper axonal extension. Furthermore, atrophy and denervation-related changes in target tissues make good functional recovery difficult to achieve even when axons regenerate all the way to the target tissue. To improve functional outcomes in humans, strategies to increase the speed of axonal growth, maintain Schwann cells in a healthy, repair-capable state and keep target tissues receptive to reinnervation are needed. Use of rodent models of chronic denervation will facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration and create the potential to test therapeutic advances.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy reveals neuronal-epithelial cell fusion in the mouse cornea.
Justin Courson,Ian Smith,Thao Do,Paul Landry,Aubrey Hargrave,Ali Reza Behzad,Sam Hanlon,Rolando E. Rumbaut,Rolando E. Rumbaut,C. Wayne Smith,Alan R. Burns,Alan R. Burns +11 more
TL;DR: These studies provide evidence that neuronal-epithelial cell fusion is a cell-cell interaction that occurs primarily in the central cornea, and fusing nerve bundles are morphologically distinct from penetrating nerve bundles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neural tissue engineering: From bioactive scaffolds and in situ monitoring to regeneration
TL;DR: The pathogenesis of peripheral nerve injuries at different orders of severity is described to clarify their microenvironments and the clinical treatment methods and challenges are discussed and the prospects of multifunctional platforms to promote the repair of peripheral nerves injury are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
A CXCR4 receptor agonist strongly stimulates axonal regeneration after damage.
Giulia Zanetti,Samuele Negro,Aram Megighian,Andrea Mattarei,Florigio Lista,Silvia Fillo,Michela Rigoni,Marco Pirazzini,Cesare Montecucco +8 more
TL;DR: To test whether the signaling axis CXCL12α‐CX CR4 is activated upon crush/cut of the sciatic nerve and to test the activity of NUCC‐390, a new CXCR4 agonist, in promoting nerve recovery from damage.
Book ChapterDOI
Biomedical Implants for Regenerative Therapies
TL;DR: This chapter provides an overview of current bioactive biomedical implants, their fabrication and applications, as well as implant materials used in drug delivery and tissue regeneration, and celland drug-based bioactivity, manufacturing considerations and future trends will be discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Motor function recovery: deciphering a regenerative niche at the neuromuscular synaps
TL;DR: It is proposed that such a regenerative niche must ensure at least two fundamental steps for successful NMJ regeneration: the proper arrival of incoming regenerating axons to denervated postsynaptic muscle domains, and the resilience of those post Synaptic domains, in morphological and functional terms.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of two distinct macrophage subsets with divergent effects causing either neurotoxicity or regeneration in the injured mouse spinal cord.
Kristina A. Kigerl,John C. Gensel,Daniel P. Ankeny,Jessica K. Alexander,Dustin J. Donnelly,Phillip G. Popovich +5 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system "bridges" after central nervous system injury in adult rats
Samuel David,Albert J. Aguayo +1 more
TL;DR: The origin, termination, and length of axonal growth after focal central nervous system injury was examined in adult rats by means of a new experimental model and the regenerative potential of these central neurons seems to be expressed when the central nervous System glial environment is changed to that of the peripheral nervous system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Erratum: Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation
TL;DR: The authors would like to include as an addendum the contribution of R. Stout and J. Suttles to the conceptual framework of macrophage plasticity that was mentioned in the Review.
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