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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

B7-H3, a potential therapeutic target, is expressed in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma

TLDR
B7-H3 is over-expressed in DIPG and given the need for novel treatment in this disease, antibody-based immunotherapy against B7- H3 in D IPG warrants further investigation.
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a brain cancer with a median survival of only 1 year. Lack of molecular characterization of this tumor impedes the development of novel therapies. Membrane protein B7-H3, aka CD276, involved in interactions with host defenses in certain cancers, has been shown to be over-expressed in the majority of malignant neuroectodermal tumors including adult high-grade glioma. Targeting B7-H3 with a monoclonal antibody has demonstrated safety and efficacy in the salvage treatment of stage IV childhood neuroblastoma, another neuroectodermal tumor. It thus stands to reason that B7-H3 might serve as a therapeutic target in DIPG. B7-H3 immunoreactivity was determined in DIPG and non-diffuse brainstem glioma specimens with immunohistochemistry. In addition, B7-H3 mRNA expression was evaluated with microarrays in another set of specimens. All of the nine (100 %) DIPG specimens were shown to be B7-H3 immunoreactive. In the non-diffuse brainstem glioma group, none of the eight WHO grade I specimens showed B7-H3 immunoreactivity and nine of the 24 WHO grade II specimens (37.5 %) showed B7-H3 immunoreactivity. The association between histological grade and B7-H3 immunoreactivity was statistically highly significant. B7-H3 mRNA expression was also significantly higher in DIPG samples than in normal brain and juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade I) specimens. In summary, B7-H3 is over-expressed in DIPG. Given the need for novel treatment in this disease, antibody-based immunotherapy against B7-H3 in DIPG warrants further investigation.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

B7 family checkpoint regulators in immune regulation and disease

TL;DR: Recent understanding of B7 family members and their concerted regulation of the immune response to either self or foreign pathogens is reviewed, including clinical developments in targeting these pathways in different disease settings, and VISTA is introduced as a putative therapeutic target.
Journal ArticleDOI

DIPG in Children – What Can We Learn from the Past?

TL;DR: Recent development of DIPG tumor models should help to accurately identify and validate therapeutic targets and small molecule inhibitors in the treatment of this deadly tumor.

B7-H3 role in the immune landscape of cancer.

TL;DR: The roles of B7-H3 in different cancers, its relationship with other immune checkpoints, and its non-immunological function in cancer progression are characterized to lead to improved therapeutic options and better clinical outcomes.
References
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Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing

TL;DR: In this paper, a different approach to problems of multiple significance testing is presented, which calls for controlling the expected proportion of falsely rejected hypotheses -the false discovery rate, which is equivalent to the FWER when all hypotheses are true but is smaller otherwise.
Journal ArticleDOI

R: A Language for Data Analysis and Graphics

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss their experience designing and implementing a statistical computing language, which combines what they felt were useful features from two existing computer languages, and they feel that the new language provides advantages in the areas of portability, computational efficiency, memory management, and scope.
Journal ArticleDOI

Weighted kappa: Nominal scale agreement provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit.

TL;DR: The Kw provides for the incorpation of ratio-scaled degrees of disagreement (or agreement) to each of the cells of the k * k table of joi.
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