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Consistent decrease in global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease patients.

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TLDR
Human postmortem results strengthen the notion that AD is associated with alterations in DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, and provide a basis for further epigenetic studies identifying the exact genetic loci with aberrant epigenetic signatures.
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This article is published in Neurobiology of Aging.The article was published on 2013-09-01 and is currently open access. It has received 351 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: DNA Hydroxymethylation & DNA methylation.

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History and progress of hypotheses and clinical trials for Alzheimer’s disease

TL;DR: It is proposed that fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has the potential to treat AD and the combination of hypometabolism and autophagy deficiency is likely to be a causative factor for AD.
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Homocysteine, B Vitamins, and Cognitive Impairment

TL;DR: Trials in high-risk subjects, which have taken into account the baseline B vitamin status, show a slowing of cognitive decline and of atrophy in critical brain regions, results that are consistent with modification of the Alzheimer's disease process.
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The epigenetics of aging and neurodegeneration.

TL;DR: Current knowledge about the major epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and DNA demethylation, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNAs, as well as the involvement of these mechanisms in normal aging and in the pathophysiology of the most common neurodegenerative diseases are reviewed.
References
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S-adenosylmethionine reduces the progress of the Alzheimer-like features induced by B-vitamin deficiency in mice.

TL;DR: It is found that S-adenosylmethionine reduced amyloid production, increased spatial memory in TgCRND8 mice and inhibited the upregulation of B vitamin deficiency-induced PSEN1 and BACE1 expression and Tau phosphorylation in T g CRND8 and wild-type mice.
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Changes in Presenilin 1 gene methylation pattern in diet-induced B vitamin deficiency

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that B vitamin deficiency induces hypomethylation of specific CpG moieties in the 5'-flanking region; S-adenosylmethionine has been supplemented as methyl donor to reverse this effect.
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Purkinje Cell Synapses Target Physiologically Unique Brainstem Neurons

TL;DR: Targeted intracellular recordings revealed that FTNs fired spontaneously at high rates in brain slices and exhibited dramatic postinhibitory rebound firing after the offset of membrane hyperpolarization, indicating a common role for intrinsic firing mechanisms in cerebellar control of diverse behaviors.
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Age-related increase in levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mouse hippocampus is prevented by caloric restriction.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that the aging process in mice is connected with changes in epigenetic machinery in the hippocampus and suggest that CR acts by influencing epigenetic regulation.
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Gene expression levels assessed by CA1 pyramidal neuron and regional hippocampal dissections in Alzheimer's disease.

TL;DR: Single population studies of specific neurons and intrinsic circuits will likely yield informative gene expression profile data that may be subthreshold and/or underrepresented in regional studies with an admixture of cell types.
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