Cytokine Storm.
David C. Fajgenbaum,Carl H. June +1 more
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From the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, and the Center for Cellular Immunotherapies and the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.Abstract:
From the Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory (D.C.F.), and the Center for Cellular Immunotherapies and the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (C.H.J.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Address reprint requests to Dr. Fajgenbaum at davidfa@ pennmedicine . upenn . edu or to Dr. June at cjune@ upenn . edu.read more
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The Dual Role of Innate Immune Response in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury
TL;DR: The dual role of innate immune cells involved in AILI is summarized and it is illustrated how these cells initiate innate immune responses that lead to persistent inflammation and liver damage.
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The Potential Role of Cytokine Storm Pathway in the Clinical Course of Viral Respiratory Pandemic.
Giuseppe Murdaca,Francesca Paladin,Alessandro Tonacci,S. Isola,Alessandro Allegra,Sebastiano Gangemi +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the different pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the various respiratory viral pandemics (COVID-19; SARS; MERS; H1N1 influenza A and Spanish flu) which have affected humans in this and last century, with particular attention to the phenomenon of the cytokine storm which determines the clinical severity of the respiratory disease and consequently its lethality.
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Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of human anti-LIGHT monoclonal antibody in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome
TL;DR: In this article , a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, proof-of-concept trial enrolled adults hospitalized with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)associated pneumonia and mild to moderate ARDS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling SARS-CoV-2 and influenza infections and antiviral treatments in human lung epithelial tissue equivalents
Hoda Zarkoob,Anna Allué-Guardia,Yu-Chi Chen,Andreu Garcia-Vilanova,Olive Jung,Steven L. Coon,Min Jae Song,Jun-Gyu Park,Fatai S. Oladunni,Jesse Miller,YenTing Tung,Ivan Kosik,David C. Schultz,James R. Iben,Tianwei Li,Jiaqi Fu,Forbes D. Porter,Jonathan W. Yewdell,Luis Martinez-Sobrido,Sara Cherry,Jordi B. Torrelles,M Camps Ferrer,Emily M. Lee +22 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the cellular complexity of human alveolar and tracheobronchial air liquid interface (ALI) tissue models during SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV) infections was described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhanced Immunomodulatory Effect of Intravenous Immunoglobulin by Fc Galactosylation and Nonfucosylation
TL;DR: Preliminary results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of IVIG is in part mediated via activating FcγR blockade by galactosylated, nonfucosyated IgG and that such nonfukosylation IgG glycoforms bound to FcαγRs on immune cells play immunomodulatory roles in health and disease.
References
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Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Chaolin Huang,Yeming Wang,Xingwang Li,Lili Ren,Jianping Zhao,Yi Hu,Li Zhang,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Xiaoying Gu,Zhenshun Cheng,Ting Yu,Jia'an Xia,Yuan Wei,Wenjuan Wu,Xuelei Xie,Wen Yin,Li Hui,Min Liu,Yan Xiao,Hong Gao,Li Guo,Jungang Xie,Guang-Fa Wang,Rongmeng Jiang,Zhancheng Gao,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Bin Cao +28 more
TL;DR: The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in Wuhan, China, were reported.
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TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
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From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain
TL;DR: In response to a peripheral infection, innate immune cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines that act on the brain to cause sickness behaviour, which can lead to an exacerbation of sickness and the development of symptoms of depression in vulnerable individuals.
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IL-17 and Th17 Cells.
TL;DR: The investigation of the differentiation, effector function, and regulation of Th17 cells has opened up a new framework for understanding T cell differentiation and now appreciate the importance of Th 17 cells in clearing pathogens during host defense reactions and in inducing tissue inflammation in autoimmune disease.
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Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome
TL;DR: It is shown that MSU and CPPD engage the caspase-1-activating NALP3 (also called cryopyrin) inflammasome, resulting in the production of active interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in mice deficient in the IL-1β receptor.
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