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Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy

TLDR
What has been learned thus far about human DC biology from clinical studies are discussed, and how current approaches to apply DC vaccines in the clinic could be improved to enhance anti-tumor immunity are discussed.
Abstract
Immunotherapy using dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination is an approved approach for harnessing the potential of a patient's own immune system to eliminate tumor cells in metastatic hormone-refractory cancer. Overall, although many DC vaccines have been tested in the clinic and proven to be immunogenic, and in some cases associated with clinical outcome, there remains no consensus on how to manufacture DC vaccines. In this review we will discuss what has been learned thus far about human DC biology from clinical studies, and how current approaches to apply DC vaccines in the clinic could be improved to enhance anti-tumor immunity.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Immune cells within the tumor microenvironment: Biological functions and roles in cancer immunotherapy.

TL;DR: The biological functions of immune cells within TME and their roles in cancer immunotherapy are reviewed, and the perspectives of the basic studies for improving the effectiveness of the clinical use are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Therapeutic Targeting of the Tumor Microenvironment

TL;DR: A comprehensive analysis of the current therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) is provided in this paper, combining a discussion of the underlying basic biology with clinical evaluation of different therapeutic approaches, and highlighting the challenges and future perspectives.
Journal ArticleDOI

Integrating Next-Generation Dendritic Cell Vaccines into the Current Cancer Immunotherapy Landscape

TL;DR: It is argued that in various contexts next-generation DC vaccines are ready to meet some challenges currently confronting ICIs, thereby raising the need to integrate DC vaccines in future combinatorial immunotherapy regimens.
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Relationships Between Immune Landscapes, Genetic Subtypes and Responses to Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer.

TL;DR: The role of the different immune landscapes in CRC and their relationships with defined CRC genetic subtypes are discussed and in which ways CRC cells develop mechanisms to resist ICI are considered.
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Prospects and challenges of extracellular vesicle-based drug delivery system: considering cell source

TL;DR: This review summarized the current knowledge on the application of EVs as DDS from the perspective of different cell origin and weighted the advantages and bottlenecks of EV-based DDS.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Prostaglandin E2 is a key factor for CCR7 surface expression and migration of monocyte-derived dendritic cells.

TL;DR: Signals provided by the proinflammatory mediator PGE2 are suggested to be crucial for MoDCs to acquire potent T-helper cell stimulatory capacity and substantial chemotactic responsiveness to lymph node-derived chemokines.
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Prolonged IFN-gamma-producing NKT response induced with alpha-galactosylceramide-loaded DCs.

TL;DR: Natural killer T (NKT) lymphocytes mediate a rapid reaction to the glycolipid drug α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer), which triggers release of large amounts of cytokines into the serum within 12 h, starting with interleukin 4 (IL-4).
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α-Type-1 Polarized Dendritic Cells A Novel Immunization Tool with Optimized CTL-inducing Activity

TL;DR: Serum-free generation of alphaDC1 allows, for the first time, the clinical application of DCs that combine the key three features important for their efficacy as anticancer vaccines.
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