Differences in the localization and morphology of chromosomes in the human nucleus
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and the findings are discussed in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.Abstract:
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization we show striking differences in nuclear position, chromosome morphology, and interactions with nuclear substructure for human chromosomes 18 and 19. Human chromosome 19 is shown to adopt a more internal position in the nucleus than chromosome 18 and to be more extensively associated with the nuclear matrix. The more peripheral localization of chromosome 18 is established early in the cell cycle and is maintained thereafter. We show that the preferential localization of chromosomes 18 and 19 in the nucleus is reflected in the orientation of translocation chromosomes in the nucleus. Lastly, we show that the inhibition of transcription can have gross, but reversible, effects on chromosome architecture. Our data demonstrate that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and we discuss our findings in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.read more
Citations
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Comprehensive mapping of long-range interactions reveals folding principles of the human genome.
Erez Lieberman Aiden,Nynke L. van Berkum,Louise Williams,Maxim Imakaev,Tobias Ragoczy,Tobias Ragoczy,Agnes Telling,Agnes Telling,Ido Amit,Bryan R. Lajoie,Peter J. Sabo,Michael O. Dorschner,Richard Sandstrom,Bradley E. Bernstein,Bradley E. Bernstein,Michaël Bender,Mark Groudine,Mark Groudine,Andreas Gnirke,John A. Stamatoyannopoulos,Leonid A. Mirny,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Job Dekker +23 more
TL;DR: Hi-C is described, a method that probes the three-dimensional architecture of whole genomes by coupling proximity-based ligation with massively parallel sequencing and demonstrates the power of Hi-C to map the dynamic conformations of entire genomes.
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Chromosome territories, nuclear architecture and gene regulation in mammalian cells.
TL;DR: The emerging view is that chromosomes are compartmentalized into discrete territories and the location of a gene within a chromosome territory seems to influence its access to the machinery responsible for specific nuclear functions, such as transcription and splicing.
Nuclear architecture and gene regulation in mammalian cells
TL;DR: The emerging view is that chromosomes are compartmentalized into discrete territories, and the location of a gene within a chromosome territory seems to influence its access to the machinery responsible for specific nuclear functions, such as transcription and splicing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Domain organization of human chromosomes revealed by mapping of nuclear lamina interactions
Lars Guelen,Ludo Pagie,Emilie Brasset,Wouter Meuleman,Wouter Meuleman,Marius B. Faza,Wendy Talhout,Bert H.J. Eussen,Annelies de Klein,Lodewyk F. A. Wessels,Lodewyk F. A. Wessels,Wouter de Laat,Bas van Steensel +12 more
TL;DR: A high-resolution map of the interaction sites of the entire genome with NL components in human fibroblasts is constructed and demonstrates that the human genome is divided into large, discrete domains that are units of chromosome organization within the nucleus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nuclear lamins: major factors in the structural organization and function of the nucleus and chromatin
Thomas Dechat,Katrin Pfleghaar,Kaushik Sengupta,Takeshi Shimi,Dale K. Shumaker,Liliana Solimando,Robert D. Goldman +6 more
TL;DR: An up-to-date overview of the functions of nuclear lamins is provided, emphasizing their roles in epigenetics, chromatin organization, DNA replication, transcription, and DNA repair.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Chromosomal Distribution of CpG Islands in the Mouse: Evidence for Genome Scrambling in the Rodent Lineage
TL;DR: Despite the more even distribution of C pG islands in the mouse at a gross chromosomal level, at finer resolution concentrations of CpG islands are seen to correspond to the R-band early replicating regions of the genome.
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Impact of rearrangements on function and position of chromosomes in the interphase nucleus and on human genetic disorders.
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that chromosome regions organize nuclear structures and thus their own environment and could alter nuclear architecture and thus function, and these ideas can explain the contribution of chromosome rearrangements, even in a balanced form, to human pathologic conditions.
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The centromere index and relative length of human high-resolution G-banded chromosomes.
TL;DR: For chromosome 1, the short arm was significantly longer than the long arm in both prometaphase and midmetaphase, a finding that underscores the structural similarity of this chromosome among the hominids.
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