Differences in the localization and morphology of chromosomes in the human nucleus
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and the findings are discussed in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.Abstract:
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization we show striking differences in nuclear position, chromosome morphology, and interactions with nuclear substructure for human chromosomes 18 and 19. Human chromosome 19 is shown to adopt a more internal position in the nucleus than chromosome 18 and to be more extensively associated with the nuclear matrix. The more peripheral localization of chromosome 18 is established early in the cell cycle and is maintained thereafter. We show that the preferential localization of chromosomes 18 and 19 in the nucleus is reflected in the orientation of translocation chromosomes in the nucleus. Lastly, we show that the inhibition of transcription can have gross, but reversible, effects on chromosome architecture. Our data demonstrate that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and we discuss our findings in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.read more
Citations
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Higher-order chromatin structure of human granulocytes.
Eva Bártová,Stanislav Kozubek,Pavla Jirsová,Michal Kozubek,Emilie Lukášová,Magdalena Skalníková,Alena Cafourková,Irena Koutná,Renata Paseková +8 more
TL;DR: The results provide a comprehensive insight into the nuclear topography of human peripheral blood granulocytes, mainly neutrophils, and show that the prevalence of symmetric segregation patterns is more probable for large objects such as chromosome domains than for genes located on chromatin loops extending outwards from the surface of the domain defined by specific chromosome paints.
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The nuclear lamina and heterochromatin: a complex relationship.
Erin M. Bank,Yosef Gruenbaum +1 more
TL;DR: Current evidence showing that components of the nuclear lamina interact directly with heterochromatin suggests that mutations in lamin proteins affect gene positioning and expression, providing a potential mechanism for how these mutations lead to tissue-specific diseases.
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Perinucleolar relocalization and nucleolin as crucial events in the transcriptional activation of key genes in mantle cell lymphoma
Jeanne Allinne,Andrei Pichugin,Olga V. Iarovaia,Olga V. Iarovaia,Manel Klibi,Ana Barat,Ewa Zlotek-Zlotkiewicz,Diana Markozashvili,N. V. Petrova,Valérie Camara-Clayette,Valérie Camara-Clayette,E. S. Ioudinkova,E. S. Ioudinkova,Joëlle Wiels,Sergey V. Razin,Sergey V. Razin,Vincent Ribrag,Vincent Ribrag,Marc Lipinski,Yegor S. Vassetzky +19 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the Ccnd1 transcriptional activation in MCL cells relates to the repositioning of the rearranged IgH-CcND1-carrying chromosomal segment in a nuclear territory with abundant nucleolin and active PolII molecules.
Journal ArticleDOI
Architectural proteins CTCF and cohesin have distinct roles in modulating the higher order structure and expression of the CFTR locus
TL;DR: Disruption of the three-dimensional structure of the CFTR gene by depletion of CTCF or RAD21 increases gene expression, which is accompanied by alterations in histone modifications and TF occupancy across the locus, and causes internalization of the gene from the nuclear periphery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lamin A/C and Emerin depletion impacts chromatin organization and dynamics in the interphase nucleus.
TL;DR: A remarkable interplay between Lamin A/C and Emerin in modulating cytoskeletal organization of actin and NM1 that impinges on chromatin dynamics and function in the interphase nucleus is underscore.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Organization of the higher-order chromatin loop: specific DNA attachment sites on nuclear scaffold
TL;DR: Data are presented for sequence-specific chromatin-loop organization in histone-depleted nuclei from Drosophila melanogaster Kc cells and a family of attachment sites related by hybridization to those of the hsp70 genes was discovered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Replicon clusters are stable units of chromosome structure: evidence that nuclear organization contributes to the efficient activation and propagation of S phase in human cells.
Dean A. Jackson,Ana Pombo +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the coordinated replication of related groups of replicons, that form stable replicon clusters, contributes to the efficient activation and propagation of S phase in mammalian cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Transcriptionally Silent Genes with Ikaros Complexes at Centromeric Heterochromatin
Karen E. Brown,Simon Guest,Stephen T. Smale,Kyungmin Hahm,Matthias Merkenschlager,Amanda G. Fisher +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that transcriptionally inactive but not transcriptionally active genes associate with Ikaros-heterochromatin foci, which support a model of organization of the nucleus in which repressed genes are selectively recruited into centromeric domains.
Journal ArticleDOI
The inactive X chromosome in female mammals is distinguished by a lack of histone H4 acetylation, a cytogenetic marker for gene expression
Peter Jeppesen,Bryan M. Turner +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, immunolabeled human and mouse metaphase chromosomes with antibodies specific for the acetylated isoforms of histone H4 were labeled in regions corresponding to conventional R bands (regions enriched in coding DNA), except for a single chromosome in female cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Physical Map of 30,000 Human Genes
Panos Deloukas,Gregory D. Schuler,G. Gyapay,E. M. Beasley,Carol Soderlund,P. Rodriguez-Tomé,L. Hui,Tara C. Matise,K. B. McKusick,Jacques S. Beckmann,S. Bentolila,M.-T. Bihoreau,B. B. Birren,J. Browne,Adam Butler,A. B. Castle,N. Chiannilkulchai,C. Clee,P. J. R. Day,Anindya Dehejia,T. Dibling,N. Drouot,S. Duprat,C. Fizames,Sidney W. Fox,S. Gelling,L. Green,Paul Harrison,R. Hocking,E. Holloway,Sarah E. Hunt,S. Keil,Philip Lijnzaad,C. Louis-Dit-Sully,Jianpeng Ma,A. Mendis,J.H. Miller,J. Morissette,D. Muselet,H. C. Nusbaum,A. Peck,Steve Rozen,D. Simon,Donna K. Slonim,R. Staples,L. D. Stein,E. A. Stewart,Marc A. Suchard,T. Thangarajah,N. Vega-Czarny,Caleb Webber,Xufeng S. Wu,James R. Hudson,Charles Auffray,N. Nomura,James M. Sikela,Mihael H. Polymeropoulos,M. R. James,Eric S. Lander,Thomas J. Hudson,Richard M. Myers,D. R. Cox,Jean Weissenbach,Mark S. Boguski,D. R. Bentley +64 more
TL;DR: A map of 30,181 human gene-based markers was assembled and integrated with the current genetic map by radiation hybrid mapping, which contains nearly twice as many genes as the previous release and is twofold to threefold more accurate than the previous version.
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