Differences in the localization and morphology of chromosomes in the human nucleus
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and the findings are discussed in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.Abstract:
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization we show striking differences in nuclear position, chromosome morphology, and interactions with nuclear substructure for human chromosomes 18 and 19. Human chromosome 19 is shown to adopt a more internal position in the nucleus than chromosome 18 and to be more extensively associated with the nuclear matrix. The more peripheral localization of chromosome 18 is established early in the cell cycle and is maintained thereafter. We show that the preferential localization of chromosomes 18 and 19 in the nucleus is reflected in the orientation of translocation chromosomes in the nucleus. Lastly, we show that the inhibition of transcription can have gross, but reversible, effects on chromosome architecture. Our data demonstrate that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and we discuss our findings in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.read more
Citations
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Three-Color Chromosome Painting as Seen through the Eyes of mFISH: Another Look at Radiation-Induced Exchanges and Their Conversion to Whole-Genome Equivalency.
TL;DR: In seeming contradiction to notion that complex aberrations be avoided altogether in WGE corrections – and in violation of assumptions upon which these corrections are based – their inadvertent inclusion in three-color WCP data is actually required in order for them to yield even marginally acceptable results.
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Chromosome loops arising from intrachromosomal tethering of telomeres occur at high frequency in G1 (non-cycling) mitotic cells: Implications for telomere capture.
Art Daniel,Luke St Heaps +1 more
TL;DR: A topology for telomeres was detected where looped chromosome homologues were present at G1 interphase where this high frequency of intrachromosomal loops is unknown but a potential role is likely in the genesis of telomere captures whether of the intrachromaosomal type or between non-homologues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromosome territories, X;Y translocation and Premature Ovarian Failure: is there a relationship?
Sara Lissoni,Simona Baronchelli,Nicoletta Villa,Valeria Lucchini,Enrico Betri,Pietro Cavalli,Leda Dalprà +6 more
TL;DR: The peculiar clinical case of a POF patient highlighted the complexity of POF aetiology and of the translocation event, even if the results seem to exclude any effect on nuclear organisation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nuclear organization of RNA polymerase II transcription.
TL;DR: The organization of transcription into distinct regions of the nucleus has changed the way the authors view transcription with the evolving model for silencing or activation of gene expression involving physical relocation of the transcription unit to a silences or activation compartment, highlighting the need to consider the process of transcription in the 3-dimensional nuclear space.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in chromosome positioning may contribute to the development of diseases related to X-chromosome aneuploidy.
N. V. Petrova,Irina I. Yakutenko,Andrei V. Alexeevski,Valentin A. Verbovoy,Sergey V. Razin,Olga V. Iarovaia +5 more
TL;DR: It was established that the nuclear radial position of gene‐rich chromosome 1 was changed in XXXXY cells as compared to normal XY cells, and the hypothesis postulating that changes in nuclear positioning of chromosomal territories induced by the presence of extra copies of individual chromosomes may contribute to the development of diseases related to different polysomies was proposed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Organization of the higher-order chromatin loop: specific DNA attachment sites on nuclear scaffold
TL;DR: Data are presented for sequence-specific chromatin-loop organization in histone-depleted nuclei from Drosophila melanogaster Kc cells and a family of attachment sites related by hybridization to those of the hsp70 genes was discovered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Replicon clusters are stable units of chromosome structure: evidence that nuclear organization contributes to the efficient activation and propagation of S phase in human cells.
Dean A. Jackson,Ana Pombo +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the coordinated replication of related groups of replicons, that form stable replicon clusters, contributes to the efficient activation and propagation of S phase in mammalian cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Transcriptionally Silent Genes with Ikaros Complexes at Centromeric Heterochromatin
Karen E. Brown,Simon Guest,Stephen T. Smale,Kyungmin Hahm,Matthias Merkenschlager,Amanda G. Fisher +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that transcriptionally inactive but not transcriptionally active genes associate with Ikaros-heterochromatin foci, which support a model of organization of the nucleus in which repressed genes are selectively recruited into centromeric domains.
Journal ArticleDOI
The inactive X chromosome in female mammals is distinguished by a lack of histone H4 acetylation, a cytogenetic marker for gene expression
Peter Jeppesen,Bryan M. Turner +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, immunolabeled human and mouse metaphase chromosomes with antibodies specific for the acetylated isoforms of histone H4 were labeled in regions corresponding to conventional R bands (regions enriched in coding DNA), except for a single chromosome in female cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Physical Map of 30,000 Human Genes
Panos Deloukas,Gregory D. Schuler,G. Gyapay,E. M. Beasley,Carol Soderlund,P. Rodriguez-Tomé,L. Hui,Tara C. Matise,K. B. McKusick,Jacques S. Beckmann,S. Bentolila,M.-T. Bihoreau,B. B. Birren,J. Browne,Adam Butler,A. B. Castle,N. Chiannilkulchai,C. Clee,P. J. R. Day,Anindya Dehejia,T. Dibling,N. Drouot,S. Duprat,C. Fizames,Sidney W. Fox,S. Gelling,L. Green,Paul Harrison,R. Hocking,E. Holloway,Sarah E. Hunt,S. Keil,Philip Lijnzaad,C. Louis-Dit-Sully,Jianpeng Ma,A. Mendis,J.H. Miller,J. Morissette,D. Muselet,H. C. Nusbaum,A. Peck,Steve Rozen,D. Simon,Donna K. Slonim,R. Staples,L. D. Stein,E. A. Stewart,Marc A. Suchard,T. Thangarajah,N. Vega-Czarny,Caleb Webber,Xufeng S. Wu,James R. Hudson,Charles Auffray,N. Nomura,James M. Sikela,Mihael H. Polymeropoulos,M. R. James,Eric S. Lander,Thomas J. Hudson,Richard M. Myers,D. R. Cox,Jean Weissenbach,Mark S. Boguski,D. R. Bentley +64 more
TL;DR: A map of 30,181 human gene-based markers was assembled and integrated with the current genetic map by radiation hybrid mapping, which contains nearly twice as many genes as the previous release and is twofold to threefold more accurate than the previous version.
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