Differences in the localization and morphology of chromosomes in the human nucleus
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and the findings are discussed in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.Abstract:
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization we show striking differences in nuclear position, chromosome morphology, and interactions with nuclear substructure for human chromosomes 18 and 19. Human chromosome 19 is shown to adopt a more internal position in the nucleus than chromosome 18 and to be more extensively associated with the nuclear matrix. The more peripheral localization of chromosome 18 is established early in the cell cycle and is maintained thereafter. We show that the preferential localization of chromosomes 18 and 19 in the nucleus is reflected in the orientation of translocation chromosomes in the nucleus. Lastly, we show that the inhibition of transcription can have gross, but reversible, effects on chromosome architecture. Our data demonstrate that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and we discuss our findings in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Network analysis identifies chromosome intermingling regions as regulatory hotspots for transcription
Anastasiya Belyaeva,Saradha Venkatachalapathy,Mallika Nagarajan,G. V. Shivashankar,Caroline Uhler +4 more
TL;DR: A network analysis approach for identifying clusters of interactions between chromosomes is developed that finds that active clusters share transcription factors and are enriched for transcriptional machinery, suggesting that chromosome intermingling regions play a key role in genome regulation.
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Nuclear architecture, chromosome domains and genetic damage.
TL;DR: Chromatin remodeling associated to DNA synthesis, CTs relative positioning, loci spatial proximity, intermingling of chromatin loops and transcriptional activity could be critical to determine chromosome damage localisation, genomic instability and cancer-prone translocation frequencies.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Interchromatin Compartment Participates in the Structural and Functional Organization of the Cell Nucleus
Thomas Cremer,Marion Cremer,Barbara Hübner,Asli Silahtaroglu,Michael J. Hendzel,Christian Lanctôt,Hilmar Strickfaden,Christoph Cremer +7 more
TL;DR: The role of the interchromatin compartment (IC) in shaping nuclear landscapes is focused on and it is postulated that it provides routes for imported transcription factors to target sites, for export routes of mRNA as ribonucleoproteins toward NPCs, as well as for the intranuclear passage of regulatory RNAs from sites of transcription to remote functional sites.
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Re-positioning genes to the nuclear envelope in mammalian cells: impact on transcription
TL;DR: The 3D organization of the genome might, thus, provide an additional level of regulation necessary for fine-tuning gene expression.
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The apparent absence of lamin B1 and emerin in many tissue nuclei is due to epitope masking
TL;DR: It is shown that epitope masking in the nucleus is often responsible for failure to detect emerin and lamins in human, rat and pig tissues, and problems with lamin B1 immunostaining can be avoided by using mAb8D1, but use of antibodies recognizing different epitopes may reveal cell-specific protein interactions in the laboratory.
References
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Organization of the higher-order chromatin loop: specific DNA attachment sites on nuclear scaffold
TL;DR: Data are presented for sequence-specific chromatin-loop organization in histone-depleted nuclei from Drosophila melanogaster Kc cells and a family of attachment sites related by hybridization to those of the hsp70 genes was discovered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Replicon clusters are stable units of chromosome structure: evidence that nuclear organization contributes to the efficient activation and propagation of S phase in human cells.
Dean A. Jackson,Ana Pombo +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the coordinated replication of related groups of replicons, that form stable replicon clusters, contributes to the efficient activation and propagation of S phase in mammalian cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Transcriptionally Silent Genes with Ikaros Complexes at Centromeric Heterochromatin
Karen E. Brown,Simon Guest,Stephen T. Smale,Kyungmin Hahm,Matthias Merkenschlager,Amanda G. Fisher +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that transcriptionally inactive but not transcriptionally active genes associate with Ikaros-heterochromatin foci, which support a model of organization of the nucleus in which repressed genes are selectively recruited into centromeric domains.
Journal ArticleDOI
The inactive X chromosome in female mammals is distinguished by a lack of histone H4 acetylation, a cytogenetic marker for gene expression
Peter Jeppesen,Bryan M. Turner +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, immunolabeled human and mouse metaphase chromosomes with antibodies specific for the acetylated isoforms of histone H4 were labeled in regions corresponding to conventional R bands (regions enriched in coding DNA), except for a single chromosome in female cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Physical Map of 30,000 Human Genes
Panos Deloukas,Gregory D. Schuler,G. Gyapay,E. M. Beasley,Carol Soderlund,P. Rodriguez-Tomé,L. Hui,Tara C. Matise,K. B. McKusick,Jacques S. Beckmann,S. Bentolila,M.-T. Bihoreau,B. B. Birren,J. Browne,Adam Butler,A. B. Castle,N. Chiannilkulchai,C. Clee,P. J. R. Day,Anindya Dehejia,T. Dibling,N. Drouot,S. Duprat,C. Fizames,Sidney W. Fox,S. Gelling,L. Green,Paul Harrison,R. Hocking,E. Holloway,Sarah E. Hunt,S. Keil,Philip Lijnzaad,C. Louis-Dit-Sully,Jianpeng Ma,A. Mendis,J.H. Miller,J. Morissette,D. Muselet,H. C. Nusbaum,A. Peck,Steve Rozen,D. Simon,Donna K. Slonim,R. Staples,L. D. Stein,E. A. Stewart,Marc A. Suchard,T. Thangarajah,N. Vega-Czarny,Caleb Webber,Xufeng S. Wu,James R. Hudson,Charles Auffray,N. Nomura,James M. Sikela,Mihael H. Polymeropoulos,M. R. James,Eric S. Lander,Thomas J. Hudson,Richard M. Myers,D. R. Cox,Jean Weissenbach,Mark S. Boguski,D. R. Bentley +64 more
TL;DR: A map of 30,181 human gene-based markers was assembled and integrated with the current genetic map by radiation hybrid mapping, which contains nearly twice as many genes as the previous release and is twofold to threefold more accurate than the previous version.
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