Differences in the localization and morphology of chromosomes in the human nucleus
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and the findings are discussed in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.Abstract:
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization we show striking differences in nuclear position, chromosome morphology, and interactions with nuclear substructure for human chromosomes 18 and 19. Human chromosome 19 is shown to adopt a more internal position in the nucleus than chromosome 18 and to be more extensively associated with the nuclear matrix. The more peripheral localization of chromosome 18 is established early in the cell cycle and is maintained thereafter. We show that the preferential localization of chromosomes 18 and 19 in the nucleus is reflected in the orientation of translocation chromosomes in the nucleus. Lastly, we show that the inhibition of transcription can have gross, but reversible, effects on chromosome architecture. Our data demonstrate that the distribution of genomic sequences between chromosomes has implications for nuclear structure and we discuss our findings in relation to a model of the human nucleus that is functionally compartmentalized.read more
Citations
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Roles of the Nuclear Lamina in Stable Nuclear Association and Assembly of a Herpesviral Transactivator Complex on Viral Immediate-Early Genes
TL;DR: It is shown that targeting of the herpes simplex virus DNA genome to the nuclear periphery promotes formation of transcriptional activator complexes on the viral genome, demonstrating that thenuclear periphery also has sites for activation of transcription.
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Twenty-four chromosome FISH in human IVF embryos reveals patterns of post-zygotic chromosome segregation and nuclear organisation
Dimitris Ioannou,K.G.L. Fonseka,Eric J. Meershoek,Alan R. Thornhill,A. Abogrein,Michael Ellis,Darren K. Griffin +6 more
TL;DR: A 24 chromosome FISH assay was developed and applied to investigate chromosome-specific rates of gain and loss, nuclear organisation patterns and the veracity of the original PGS result in days 5–6 human embryos to discover patterns of chromosome loss and mitotic non-disjunction.
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The Genomic Health of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: Genomic Instability and the Consequences on Nuclear Organization.
TL;DR: How important it is to efficiently and sensitively detect hPSC aneuploidies is discussed, to understand how these aneuPloidies arise, and consider the consequences for the cell, and indeed the individual to whom aneuPLoid cells may be administered.
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Chromosomal aneuploidies induced upon Lamin B2 depletion are mislocalized in the interphase nucleus
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Olfactory receptor genes expressed in distinct lineages are sequestered in different nuclear compartments
Kyoung-hye Yoon,Tobias Ragoczy,Zhonghua Lu,Kunio Kondoh,Donghui Kuang,Mark Groudine,Linda B. Buck +6 more
TL;DR: It is reported that OSNs that express TAARs comprise at least two subsets that are biased to express TAars rather than ORs, which raises questions about regulatory mechanisms that might segregate OR and TAAR expression in appropriate subsets of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs).
References
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Organization of the higher-order chromatin loop: specific DNA attachment sites on nuclear scaffold
TL;DR: Data are presented for sequence-specific chromatin-loop organization in histone-depleted nuclei from Drosophila melanogaster Kc cells and a family of attachment sites related by hybridization to those of the hsp70 genes was discovered.
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TL;DR: It is proposed that the coordinated replication of related groups of replicons, that form stable replicon clusters, contributes to the efficient activation and propagation of S phase in mammalian cells.
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TL;DR: It is shown that transcriptionally inactive but not transcriptionally active genes associate with Ikaros-heterochromatin foci, which support a model of organization of the nucleus in which repressed genes are selectively recruited into centromeric domains.
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The inactive X chromosome in female mammals is distinguished by a lack of histone H4 acetylation, a cytogenetic marker for gene expression
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Physical Map of 30,000 Human Genes
Panos Deloukas,Gregory D. Schuler,G. Gyapay,E. M. Beasley,Carol Soderlund,P. Rodriguez-Tomé,L. Hui,Tara C. Matise,K. B. McKusick,Jacques S. Beckmann,S. Bentolila,M.-T. Bihoreau,B. B. Birren,J. Browne,Adam Butler,A. B. Castle,N. Chiannilkulchai,C. Clee,P. J. R. Day,Anindya Dehejia,T. Dibling,N. Drouot,S. Duprat,C. Fizames,Sidney W. Fox,S. Gelling,L. Green,Paul Harrison,R. Hocking,E. Holloway,Sarah E. Hunt,S. Keil,Philip Lijnzaad,C. Louis-Dit-Sully,Jianpeng Ma,A. Mendis,J.H. Miller,J. Morissette,D. Muselet,H. C. Nusbaum,A. Peck,Steve Rozen,D. Simon,Donna K. Slonim,R. Staples,L. D. Stein,E. A. Stewart,Marc A. Suchard,T. Thangarajah,N. Vega-Czarny,Caleb Webber,Xufeng S. Wu,James R. Hudson,Charles Auffray,N. Nomura,James M. Sikela,Mihael H. Polymeropoulos,M. R. James,Eric S. Lander,Thomas J. Hudson,Richard M. Myers,D. R. Cox,Jean Weissenbach,Mark S. Boguski,D. R. Bentley +64 more
TL;DR: A map of 30,181 human gene-based markers was assembled and integrated with the current genetic map by radiation hybrid mapping, which contains nearly twice as many genes as the previous release and is twofold to threefold more accurate than the previous version.
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