Ecological differentiation in xylem cavitation resistance is associated with stem and leaf structural traits
TLDR
Vulnerability to cavitation was related to structural traits conferring tissue stress vulnerability, being negatively correlated with wood density, and surprisingly maximum vessel length, and positively with leaf size, and was not related to SLA.Abstract:
Cavitation resistance is a critical determinant of drought tolerance in tropical tree species, but little is known of its association with life history strategies, particularly for seasonal dry forests, a system critically driven by variation in water availability. We analysed vulnerability curves for saplings of 13 tropical dry forest tree species differing in life history and leaf phenology. We examined how vulnerability to cavitation (P50) related to dry season leaf water potentials and stem and leaf traits. P50-values ranged from −0.8 to −6.2 MPa, with pioneers on average 38% more vulnerable to cavitation than shade-tolerants. Vulnerability to cavitation was related to structural traits conferring tissue stress vulnerability, being negatively correlated with wood density, and surprisingly maximum vessel length. Vulnerability to cavitation was negatively related to the Huber-value and leaf dry matter content, and positively with leaf size. It was not related to SLA. We found a strong trade-off between cavitation resistance and hydraulic efficiency. Most species in the field were operating at leaf water potentials well above their P50, but pioneers and deciduous species had smaller hydraulic safety margins than shade-tolerants and evergreens. A trade-off between hydraulic safety and efficiency underlies ecological differentiation across these tropical dry forest tree species.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The world‐wide ‘fast–slow’ plant economics spectrum: a traits manifesto
Peter B. Reich,Peter B. Reich +1 more
TL;DR: A single ‘fast–slow’ plant economics spectrum that integrates across leaves, stems and roots is a key feature of the plant universe and helps to explain individual ecological strategies, community assembly processes and the functioning of ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
TRY - a global database of plant traits
Jens Kattge,Sandra Díaz,Sandra Lavorel,Iain Colin Prentice,Paul Leadley,Gerhard Bönisch,Eric Garnier,Mark Westoby,Peter B. Reich,Peter B. Reich,Ian J. Wright,Johannes H. C. Cornelissen,Cyrille Violle,Sandy P. Harrison,P.M. van Bodegom,Markus Reichstein,Brian J. Enquist,Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia,David D. Ackerly,Madhur Anand,Owen K. Atkin,Michael Bahn,Timothy R. Baker,Dennis D. Baldocchi,Renée M. Bekker,Carolina C. Blanco,Benjamin Blonder,William J. Bond,Ross A. Bradstock,Daniel E. Bunker,Fernando Casanoves,Jeannine Cavender-Bares,Jeffrey Q. Chambers,F. S. Chapin,Jérôme Chave,David A. Coomes,William K. Cornwell,Joseph M. Craine,B. H. Dobrin,Leandro da Silva Duarte,Walter Durka,James J. Elser,Gerd Esser,Marc Estiarte,William F. Fagan,Jingyun Fang,Fernando Fernández-Méndez,Alessandra Fidelis,Bryan Finegan,Olivier Flores,H. Ford,Dorothea Frank,Grégoire T. Freschet,Nikolaos M. Fyllas,Rachael V. Gallagher,Walton A. Green,Alvaro G. Gutiérrez,Thomas Hickler,Steven I. Higgins,John G. Hodgson,Adel Jalili,Steven Jansen,Carlos Alfredo Joly,Andrew J. Kerkhoff,Don Kirkup,Kaoru Kitajima,Michael Kleyer,Stefan Klotz,Johannes M. H. Knops,Koen Kramer,Ingolf Kühn,Hiroko Kurokawa,Daniel C. Laughlin,Tali D. Lee,Michelle R. Leishman,Frederic Lens,Tanja Lenz,Simon L. Lewis,Jon Lloyd,Jon Lloyd,Joan Llusià,Frédérique Louault,Siyan Ma,Miguel D. Mahecha,Peter Manning,Tara Joy Massad,Belinda E. Medlyn,Julie Messier,Angela T. Moles,Sandra Cristina Müller,Karin Nadrowski,Shahid Naeem,Ülo Niinemets,S. Nöllert,A. Nüske,Romà Ogaya,Jacek Oleksyn,Vladimir G. Onipchenko,Yusuke Onoda,Jenny C. Ordoñez,Gerhard E. Overbeck,Wim A. Ozinga,Sandra Patiño,Susana Paula,Juli G. Pausas,Josep Peñuelas,Oliver L. Phillips,Valério D. Pillar,Hendrik Poorter,Lourens Poorter,Peter Poschlod,Andreas Prinzing,Raphaël Proulx,Anja Rammig,Sabine Reinsch,Björn Reu,Lawren Sack,Beatriz Salgado-Negret,Jordi Sardans,Satomi Shiodera,Bill Shipley,Andrew Siefert,Enio E. Sosinski,Jean-François Soussana,Emily Swaine,Nathan G. Swenson,Ken Thompson,Peter E. Thornton,Matthew S. Waldram,Evan Weiher,Michael T. White,S. White,S. J. Wright,Benjamin Yguel,Sönke Zaehle,Amy E. Zanne,Christian Wirth +136 more
TL;DR: TRY as discussed by the authors is a global database of plant traits, including morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants and their organs, which can be used for a wide range of research from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology to biogeography.
Journal ArticleDOI
The determinants of leaf turgor loss point and prediction of drought tolerance of species and biomes: a global meta‐analysis
TL;DR: New equations derived giving both π(tlp) and relative water content at turgor loss point (RWC(tlP) ) as explicit functions of osmotic potential at full turgors (π(o) ) and bulk modulus of elasticity (ε) showed that π (o) is the major driver of π-tlp .
Journal ArticleDOI
The plant vascular system: evolution, development and functions
William J. Lucas,Andrew Groover,Raffael Lichtenberger,Kaori Miyashima Furuta,Shri Ram Yadav,Ykä Helariutta,Xin Qiang He,Hiroo Fukuda,Julie Kang,Siobhan M. Brady,John W. Patrick,John S. Sperry,Akiko Yoshida,Ana Flor López-Millán,Michael A. Grusak,Pradeep Kachroo +15 more
TL;DR: The evolutionary events that gave rise to the tracheophytes are examined, followed by analysis of the genetic and hormonal networks that cooperate to orchestrate vascular development in the gymnosperms and angiosperms, in a comprehensive picture of the state-of-the-art in the area of plant vascular biology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tree mortality across biomes is promoted by drought intensity, lower wood density and higher specific leaf area
Sarah Greenwood,Paloma Ruiz-Benito,Paloma Ruiz-Benito,Jordi Martínez-Vilalta,Francisco Lloret,Thomas Kitzberger,Craig D. Allen,Rod Fensham,Rod Fensham,Daniel C. Laughlin,Jens Kattge,Gerhard Bönisch,Nathan J. B. Kraft,Alistair S. Jump +13 more
TL;DR: A global meta-analysis of 58 studies of drought-induced forest mortality identified a consistent global-scale response, where mortality increased with drought severity, and suggested that mortality could become increasingly widespread in the future.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum
Jérôme Chave,David A. Coomes,Steven Jansen,Simon L. Lewis,Nathan G. Swenson,Amy E. Zanne,Amy E. Zanne +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that, similar to the manifold that tree species leaf traits cluster around the 'leaf economics spectrum', a similar 'wood economics spectrum' may be defined.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Vulnerability of Xylem to Cavitation and Embolism
Melvin T. Tyree,John S. Sperry +1 more
TL;DR: Embolism Formation by Winter Freezing, Water Stress-Induced Embolism, and more.
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