Histone methyltransferase activity associated with a human multiprotein complex containing the Enhancer of Zeste protein
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TLDR
The isolation of a multiprotein E(z) complex that contains extra sex combs, suppressor of zeste-12, and the histone binding proteins RbAp46/RbAp48 is reported, which possesses HMT activity with specificity for Lys 9 (K9) and Lys 27 (K27) of histone H3.Abstract:
Enhancer of Zeste [E(z)] is a Polycomb-group transcriptional repressor and one of the founding members of the family of SET domain-containing proteins. Several SET-domain proteins possess intrinsic histone methyltransferase (HMT) activity. However, recombinant E(z) protein was found to be inactive in a HMT assay. Here we report the isolation of a multiprotein E(z) complex that contains extra sex combs, suppressor of zeste-12 [Su(z)12], and the histone binding proteins RbAp46/RbAp48. This complex, which we termed Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 2, possesses HMT activity with specificity for Lys 9 (K9) and Lys 27 (K27) of histone H3. The HMT activity of PRC2 is dependent on an intact SET domain in the E(z) protein. We hypothesize that transcriptional repression by the E(z) protein involves methylation-dependent recruitment of PRC1. The presence of Su(z)12, a strong suppressor of position effect variegation, in PRC2 suggests that PRC2 may play a widespread role in heterochromatin-mediated silencing.read more
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Histone demethylation mediated by the nuclear amine oxidase homolog lsd1
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Polycomb complexes repress developmental regulators in murine embryonic stem cells
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Control of developmental regulators by Polycomb in human embryonic stem cells.
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The diverse functions of histone lysine methylation.
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TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding of how lysine methylation functions in these diverse biological processes are summarized, and questions that need to be addressed in the future are raised.
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