Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to loss of function of the KiSS1-derived peptide receptor GPR54
Nicolas de Roux,Emmanuelle Génin,Jean Claude Carel,Fumihiko Matsuda,Chaussain Jl,Edwin Milgrom +5 more
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TLDR
The present study shows that loss of function of GPR54 is a cause of IHH, and it identifies GPR 54 and possibly KiSS1 protein-derived peptide as playing a major and previously unsuspected role in the physiology of the gonadotropic axis.Abstract:
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is defined as a deficiency of the pituitary secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, which results in the impairment of pubertal maturation and of reproductive function. In the absence of pituitary or hypothalamic anatomical lesions and of anosmia (Kallmann syndrome), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). A limited number of IHH cases are due to loss-of-function mutations of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor. To identify additional gene defects leading to IHH, a large consanguineous family with five affected siblings and with a normal gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor coding sequence was studied. Homozygosity whole-genome mapping allowed the localization of a new locus within the short arm of chromosome 19 (19p13). Sequencing of several genes localized within this region showed that all affected siblings of the family carried a homozygous deletion of 155 nucleotides in the GPR54 gene. This deletion encompassed the splicing acceptor site of intron 4-exon 5 junction and part of exon 5. The deletion was absent or present on only one allele in unaffected family members. GPR54 has been initially identified as an orphan G protein-coupled receptor with 40% homology to galanin receptors. Recently, a 54-aa peptide derived from the KiSS1 protein was identified as a ligand of GPR54. The present study shows that loss of function of GPR54 is a cause of IHH, and it identifies GPR54 and possibly KiSS1 protein-derived peptide as playing a major and previously unsuspected role in the physiology of the gonadotropic axis.read more
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Impact of neonatal exposure to the ERα agonist PPT, bisphenol-a or phytoestrogens on hypothalamic kisspeptin fiber density in male and female rats
TL;DR: The results suggest that the organization of hypothalamic KISS fibers may be vulnerable to disruption by EDC exposure and that females might be more sensitive than males.
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Chronic subcutaneous administration of kisspeptin-54 causes testicular degeneration in adult male rats
Emily L. Thompson,Kevin G. Murphy,Michael Patterson,Gavin A. Bewick,Gordon Stamp,Annette E. Curtis,Jennifer H. Cooke,Preeti H. Jethwa,Jeannie Todd,Mohammad A. Ghatei,Stephen R. Bloom +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of continuous peripheral kisspeptin administration in male rats by use of Alzet minipumps were investigated, and the results indicated that the peptide may provide a novel tool for the manipulation of the HPG axis and spermatogenesis.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the significance of neonatal testicular androgen to defeminize AVPV kisspeptin expression and the GnRH/LH surge-generating system was determined.
Book ChapterDOI
Seasonal Regulation of Reproduction in Mammals
TL;DR: This chapter first discusses the ecological context for seasonal breeding and the pivotal role that nocturnal melatonin secretion plays in its regulation, and discusses the emergence of the pars tuberalis of the anterior pituitary as a principal site of melatonin action.
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The metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 encodes kisspeptins, the natural ligands of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR54.
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