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Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries

TLDR
A brief historical review of the development of lithium-based rechargeable batteries is presented, ongoing research strategies are highlighted, and the challenges that remain regarding the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical performance and safety of these systems are discussed.
Abstract
Technological improvements in rechargeable solid-state batteries are being driven by an ever-increasing demand for portable electronic devices. Lithium-ion batteries are the systems of choice, offering high energy density, flexible and lightweight design, and longer lifespan than comparable battery technologies. We present a brief historical review of the development of lithium-based rechargeable batteries, highlight ongoing research strategies, and discuss the challenges that remain regarding the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical performance and safety of these systems.

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Investigation of Changes in the Surface Structure of LixNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 Cathode Materials Induced by the Initial Charge

TL;DR: In this article, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to investigate the evolution of the surface structure of LixNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode materials (NCA) as a function of the extent of first charge at room temperature.
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Gassing in Li(4)Ti(5)O(12)-based batteries and its remedy.

TL;DR: In this paper, a nanoscale carbon coating along with a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film around LTO is seen most effective as a barrier layer in suppressing the interfacial reaction and resulting gassing from the LTO surface.
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Potassium-ion batteries: outlook on present and future technologies

TL;DR: In this paper, a review comprehensively summarizes the research effort on the electrode material optimization (e.g., crystals, morphology, reaction mechanisms, and interface control), the synthesis methods, and the full cell fabrication for PIBs to enhance the electrochemical potassium storage and provide a platform for further development in this battery system.
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Aging Mechanisms of LiFePO4 Batteries Deduced by Electrochemical and Structural Analyses

TL;DR: In this article, the performance loss of lithium-ion batteries with lithium iron phosphate positive chemistry was analyzed using electrochemical characterization techniques such as galvanostatic charge-discharge at different rates, ac impedance, and hybrid pulse power characterization measurements.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Nano-sized transition-metal oxides as negative-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries

TL;DR: It is reported that electrodes made of nanoparticles of transition-metal oxides (MO), where M is Co, Ni, Cu or Fe, demonstrate electrochemical capacities of 700 mA h g-1, with 100% capacity retention for up to 100 cycles and high recharging rates.
Journal ArticleDOI

LixCoO2 (0<x<-1): A new cathode material for batteries of high energy density

TL;DR: In this paper, a new system LixCoO2 (0 Li x CoO 2 Li ) is proposed, which shows low overvoltages and good reversibility for current densities up to 4 mA cm−2 over a large range of x.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nanocomposite polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries

TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that nanometre-sized ceramic powders can be used as solid plasticizers for polyethylene oxide (PEO) electrolytes to prevent crystallization on annealing from amorphous state above 60°C.
Journal ArticleDOI

Tin-Based Amorphous Oxide: A High-Capacity Lithium-Ion-Storage Material

TL;DR: A tin-based amorphous composite oxide (TCO) was synthesized in this paper to replace the carbon-based lithium intercalation materials currently in extensive use as the negative electrode (anode) of lithium-ion rechargeable batteries.
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Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries

The paper discusses the challenges in the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical performance, and safety of rechargeable lithium batteries.