Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale variations in the vegetation growing season and annual cycle of atmospheric CO2 at high northern latitudes from 1950 to 2011.
Jonathan Barichivich,Keith R. Briffa,Ranga B. Myneni,Timothy J. Osborn,Thomas M. Melvin,Philippe Ciais,Shilong Piao,Shilong Piao,Compton J. Tucker +8 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The springtime extension of the photosynthetic and potential growing seasons has apparently stimulated earlier and stronger net CO(2) uptake by northern ecosystems, while the autumnal extension is associated with an earlier net release of CO( 2) to the atmosphere.Abstract:
We combine satellite and ground observations during 1950-2011 to study the long-term links between multiple climate (air temperature and cryospheric dynamics) and vegetation (greenness and atmospheric CO(2) concentrations) indicators of the growing season of northern ecosystems (>45°N) and their connection with the carbon cycle. During the last three decades, the thermal potential growing season has lengthened by about 10.5 days (P 0.05). The photosynthetic growing season has closely tracked the pace of warming and extension of the potential growing season in spring, but not in autumn when factors such as light and moisture limitation may constrain photosynthesis. The autumnal extension of the photosynthetic growing season since 1982 appears to be about half that of the thermal potential growing season, yielding a smaller lengthening of the photosynthetic growing season (6.7 days at the circumpolar scale, P < 0.01). Nevertheless, when integrated over the growing season, photosynthetic activity has closely followed the interannual variations and warming trend in cumulative growing season temperatures. This lengthening and intensification of the photosynthetic growing season, manifested principally over Eurasia rather than North America, is associated with a long-term increase (22.2% since 1972, P < 0.01) in the amplitude of the CO(2) annual cycle at northern latitudes. The springtime extension of the photosynthetic and potential growing seasons has apparently stimulated earlier and stronger net CO(2) uptake by northern ecosystems, while the autumnal extension is associated with an earlier net release of CO(2) to the atmosphere. These contrasting responses may be critical in determining the impact of continued warming on northern terrestrial ecosystems and the carbon cycle.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of climate change on sensitive marine and extreme terrestrial ecosystems: Recent progresses and future challenges : This article belongs to Ambio's 50th Anniversary Collection. Theme: Climate change impact.
TL;DR: In this article, the past developments and future challenges for scientific research and policy response relating to these topics from a peer's perspective are discussed. And the authors identify several warning signs for potentially dangerous developments in these sensitive system and extreme environments as well as opportunities for research and policies in the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil thawing regulates the spring growth onset in tundra and alpine biomes
Adrià Descals,Aleixandre Verger,Iolanda Filella,Dennis D. Baldocchi,Ivan A. Janssens,Yongshuo H. Fu,S. L. Piao,Marc Peaucelle,Marc Peaucelle,Philippe Ciais,Josep Peñuelas +10 more
TL;DR: The role of soil temperature at the spring growth onset at high latitudes is highlighted, which becomes less relevant in temperate forests, where soil is occasionally frozen and other climate factors become more important.
Journal ArticleDOI
<i>phenofit</i> : An R package for extracting vegetation phenology from time series remote sensing
Marie Demlová,Maëlle Villani +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used the TIMESAT dataset to extract vegetation phenology from satellite-derived VIs, which is the only software that combines all of their contributions and provides flexible options in phenology extraction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatiotemporal variation in the relationship between boreal forest productivity proxies and climate data
Clémentine Ols,Clémentine Ols,Ingvil Henden Kålås,Ingvil Henden Kålås,Igor Drobyshev,Igor Drobyshev,Lars Söderström,Annika Hofgaard +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the responses of different forest productivity proxies to monthly climate (temperature and precipitation) through space and time were investigated at four high-latitude boreal Scots pine sites (coastal and inland) in Norway.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling leaf area index in North America using a process-based terrestrial ecosystem model
Yang Qu,Qianlai Zhuang +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to optimize the parameters related to LAI in the TEM using a data assimilation technique and a process-based TEM as well as in situ and satellite data.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
Camille Parmesan,Gary W. Yohe +1 more
TL;DR: A diagnostic fingerprint of temporal and spatial ‘sign-switching’ responses uniquely predicted by twentieth century climate trends is defined and generates ‘very high confidence’ (as laid down by the IPCC) that climate change is already affecting living systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the performance and validity of the MODIS vegetation indices (VI), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index(EVI), produced at 1-km and 500-m resolutions and 16-day compositing periods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity
Anthony L. Westerling,Anthony L. Westerling,Hugo G. Hidalgo,Daniel R. Cayan,Daniel R. Cayan,Thomas W. Swetnam +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that large wildfire activity increased suddenly and markedly in the mid-1980s, with higher large-wildfire frequency, longer wildfire durations, and longer wildfire seasons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Europe-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003
Philippe Ciais,Markus Reichstein,Nicolas Viovy,A. Granier,Jérôme Ogée,Vincent Allard,M. Aubinet,Nina Buchmann,C. Bernhofer,Arnaud Carrara,Frédéric Chevallier,N. de Noblet,Andrew D. Friend,Pierre Friedlingstein,Thomas Grünwald,Bernard Heinesch,Petri Keronen,Alexander Knohl,Gerhard Krinner,Denis Loustau,Giovanni Manca,Giorgio Matteucci,Franco Miglietta,Jean-Marc Ourcival,Dario Papale,Kim Pilegaard,Serge Rambal,G. Seufert,Jean-François Soussana,María José Sanz,Ernst Detlef Schulze,Timo Vesala,Riccardo Valentini +32 more
TL;DR: An increase in future drought events could turn temperate ecosystems into carbon sources, contributing to positive carbon-climate feedbacks already anticipated in the tropics and at high latitudes.
Related Papers (5)
European phenological response to climate change matches the warming pattern
Annette Menzel,Tim H. Sparks,Nicole Estrella,Elisabeth Koch,Anto Aasa,Rein Ahas,Kerstin Alm-Kübler,Peter Bissolli,Ol 'ga Braslavská,Agrita Briede,Frank-M. Chmielewski,Zalika Črepinšek,Yannick Curnel,Åslög Dahl,Claudio Defila,Alison Donnelly,Yolanda Filella,Katarzyna Jatczak,Finn Måge,Antonio Mestre,Øyvind Nordli,Josep Peñuelas,Pentti Pirinen,Viera Remisová,Helfried Scheifinger,Martin Striz,Andreja Sušnik,Arnold J. H. van Vliet,F. E. Wielgolaski,Susanne Zach,Ana Zust +30 more