What's killing American honey bees?
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TLDR
American beekeepers reported unusually high rates of colony loss in early 2007 as bees broke from their overwintering clusters, but researchers are struggling to explain what's behind this mysterious disappearance.Abstract:
On February 22, 2007, many Americans woke up to media reports that something was awry with their honey bees. A significant proportion of American beekeepers were complaining of unusually high rates of colony loss as their bees broke from their overwintering clusters. Loss of some colonies (say 10%) in early spring is normal and occurs every year. In 2007, however, losses were particularly heavy and widespread—beekeepers in 22 states (including Hawaii) reported the problem. Some beekeepers lost nearly all of their colonies. And the problem is not just in the United States. Many European beekeepers complain of the same problem. Moreover, beekeepers and researchers do not understand the specific causes of the losses.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global pollinator declines: trends, impacts and drivers.
Simon G. Potts,Jacobus C. Biesmeijer,Claire Kremen,Peter J. Neumann,Oliver Schweiger,William E. Kunin +5 more
TL;DR: The nature and extent of reported declines, and the potential drivers of pollinator loss are described, including habitat loss and fragmentation, agrochemicals, pathogens, alien species, climate change and the interactions between them are reviewed.
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Economic valuation of the vulnerability of world agriculture confronted with pollinator decline
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A Metagenomic Survey of Microbes in Honey Bee Colony Collapse Disorder
Diana Cox-Foster,Sean Conlan,Edward C. Holmes,Edward C. Holmes,Gustavo Palacios,Jay D. Evans,Nancy A. Moran,Phenix Lan Quan,Thomas Briese,Mady Hornig,David M. Geiser,Vince Martinson,Dennis vanEngelsdorp,Dennis vanEngelsdorp,Abby L. Kalkstein,Andrew T. Drysdale,Jeffrey Hui,Junhui Zhai,Liwang Cui,Stephen K. Hutchison,Jan Fredrik Simons,Michael Egholm,Jeffery S. Pettis,W. Ian Lipkin +23 more
TL;DR: The observation that irradiated combs from affected colonies can be repopulated with naive bees suggests that infection may contribute to colony collapse disorder (CCD).
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Biology and control of Varroa destructor
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A Common Pesticide Decreases Foraging Success and Survival in Honey Bees
Mickaël Henry,Maxime Béguin,Fabrice Requier,Fabrice Requier,Orianne Rollin,Jean-François Odoux,Pierrick Aupinel,Jean Aptel,Sylvie Tchamitchian,Axel Decourtye +9 more
TL;DR: Simulated exposure events on free-ranging foragers labeled with a radio-frequency identification tag suggest that homing is impaired by thiamethoxam intoxication, which offers new insights into the consequences of common neonicotinoid pesticides used worldwide.
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: It is suggested that an implied reduction in immune flexibility in bees reflects either the strength of social barriers to disease, or a tendency for bees to be attacked by a limited set of highly coevolved pathogens.
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TL;DR: Knowledge reviewed here of the functional architecture and molecular aspects of the insect and mammalian nAChRs and their neonicotinoid-binding site lays the foundation for continued development and use of this new class of safe and effective insecticides.
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TL;DR: In insect immune defense, the field is now rapidly becoming revolutionized by molecular data and methods that allow unprecedented access to study evolution in action, and much more similar to that of vertebrates than previously thought.
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