Journal ArticleDOI
ZAPS is a potent stimulator of signaling mediated by the RNA helicase RIG-I during antiviral responses
Sumio Hayakawa,Souichi Shiratori,Hiroaki Yamato,Takeshi Kameyama,Chihiro Kitatsuji,Fumi Kashigi,Showhey Goto,Shoichiro Kameoka,Daisuke Fujikura,Taisho Yamada,Tatsuaki Mizutani,Mika Kazumata,Maiko Sato,Junji Tanaka,Masahiro Asaka,Yusuke Ohba,Tadaaki Miyazaki,Masahiro Imamura,Akinori Takaoka +18 more
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TLDR
ZAPS was selectively induced by 5′-triphosphate–modified RNA (3pRNA) and functioned as a potent stimulator of interferon responses in human cells mediated by the RNA helicase RIG-I, suggesting its possible use as a therapeutic target for viral control.Abstract:
The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) participate in many biological and pathological processes. Here we report that the PARP-13 shorter isoform (ZAPS), rather than the full-length protein (ZAP), was selectively induced by 5'-triphosphate-modified RNA (3pRNA) and functioned as a potent stimulator of interferon responses in human cells mediated by the RNA helicase RIG-I. ZAPS associated with RIG-I to promote the oligomerization and ATPase activity of RIG-I, which led to robust activation of IRF3 and NF-κB transcription factors. Disruption of the gene encoding ZAPS resulted in impaired induction of interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-β and other cytokines after viral infection. These results indicate that ZAPS is a key regulator of RIG-I signaling during the innate antiviral immune response, which suggests its possible use as a therapeutic target for viral control.read more
Citations
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Interferon-stimulated genes and their antiviral effector functions.
TL;DR: Some of the most potent antiviral effectors reinforce the system by further inducing IFN or ISGs, suggesting that some viruses may have evolved to co-opt IFN effectors for a survival advantage.
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Innate Immune Sensing and Signaling of Cytosolic Nucleic Acids
Jiaxi Wu,Zhijian J. Chen +1 more
TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding the mechanism of nucleic acid sensing and signaling in the cytosol of mammalian cells as well as the emerging role of cytosolic nucleic acids in autoimmunity are reviewed.
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Cytosolic Sensing of Viruses
TL;DR: Recent advances in the molecular understanding of cytosolic nucleic acid detection and its evasion by viruses are detailed.
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Sensing of RNA Viruses: a Review of Innate Immune Receptors Involved in Recognizing RNA Virus Invasion
TL;DR: This review presents an overview of current knowledge regarding the receptors used to detect RNA virus invasion, the molecular structures these receptors sense, and the involved downstream signaling pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
RIG-I in RNA virus recognition
Alison M. Kell,Michael Gale +1 more
TL;DR: The current knowledge regarding the role of RIG-I in recognition of a variety of virus families and its role in programming the adaptive immune response through cross-talk with parallel arms of the innate immune system is discussed, including how Rig-I can be leveraged for antiviral therapy.
References
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Pattern Recognition Receptors and Inflammation
Osamu Takeuchi,Shizuo Akira +1 more
TL;DR: The role of PRRs, their signaling pathways, and how they control inflammatory responses are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The RNA helicase RIG-I has an essential function in double-stranded RNA-induced innate antiviral responses.
Mitsutoshi Yoneyama,Mika Kikuchi,Takashi Natsukawa,Noriaki Shinobu,Tadaatsu Imaizumi,Makoto Miyagishi,Kazunari Taira,Shizuo Akira,Takashi Fujita +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I), which encodes a DExD/H box RNA helicase that contains a caspase recruitment domain, as an essential regulator for dsRNA-induced signaling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differential roles of MDA5 and RIG-I helicases in the recognition of RNA viruses
Hiroki Kato,Osamu Takeuchi,Shintaro Sato,Mitsutoshi Yoneyama,Masahiro Yamamoto,Kosuke Matsui,Satoshi Uematsu,Andreas Jung,Taro Kawai,Ken Ishii,Osamu Yamaguchi,Kinya Otsu,Tohru Tsujimura,Chang-Sung Koh,Caetano Reis e Sousa,Yoshiharu Matsuura,Takashi Fujita,Shizuo Akira +17 more
TL;DR: It is found that RIG-I is essential for the production of interferons in response to RNA viruses including paramyxoviruses, influenza virus and Japanese encephalitis virus, whereas MDA5 is critical for picornavirus detection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and Characterization of MAVS, a Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein that Activates NF-κB and IRF3
TL;DR: The identification of a novel protein termed MAVS (mitochondrial antiviral signaling), which mediates the activation of NF-kappaB and IRF 3 in response to viral infection, and implicates a new role of mitochondria in innate immunity.
Journal ArticleDOI
IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I- and Mda5-mediated type I interferon induction
Taro Kawai,Ken Takahashi,Ken Takahashi,Shintaro Sato,Cevayir Coban,Himanshu Kumar,Hiroki Kato,Ken Ishii,Osamu Takeuchi,Shizuo Akira +9 more
TL;DR: IPS-1 contained an N-terminal CARD-like structure that mediated interaction with the CARD of RIG-I and Mda5, which are cytoplasmic RNA helicases that sense viral infection and blocked interferon induction by virus infection.