Adama University

About: Adama University is a education organization based out in Nazrēt, Ethiopia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adsorption. The organization has 840 authors who have published 1010 publications receiving 5547 citations. The organization is also known as: Adama Science and Technology University & ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ, አዳማ ሳይንስና ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ.

Evaluation of Operation of Lake Tana Reservoir Future Water Use under Emerging Scenario with and without climate Change Impacts, Upper Blue Nile

Abstract: This paper presents simulation of Lake Tana reservoir future water use under emerging scenario with and without climate change impacts. Two different development and climate change scenarios were developed to simulate Lake Tana water level i.e., i) Base line scenario (1991-2000) ,ii) Future development scenario on short term periods(2031-2040) , and ii) Future development scenario on long term periods (2091-2100). River head flow estimated by Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used as an input to Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) model to simulate the Lake level for each scenario. Based on WEAP model simulation results, demand coverage and reliability of 100% was observed in all scenarios for Tana-Beles hydropower project. For scenarios without climate change impacts, there are longer periods of time when mean monthly lake levels are below 1785 masl (i.e., the minimum lake level required for shipping). Under natural conditions (lake level without project), they exceed this level in 100%.under current conditions (Base line scenario, BLS), they exceed this level in 89% of the months. In the full development scenario (FDSCE¹), this will decrease to 83%. For all scenarios with climate change impacts, Lake water Level will not significantly be affected by climate change impacts.

Development of a New Method of Sensitivity Matrix for Image Reconstruction in Electric Charge Tomography System Using Finite Element Method

Abstract: In this paper, a new method of sensitivity matrix generation is presented for application in electric charge tomography system. The sensitivity matrix is the most important parameter in solid particles concentration profile computation in electric charge tomography system. The analytical method of developing the sensitivity matrix that have been developed and used in electric charge tomography is characterised by some uncertainties that give poor tomography images of flowing solid particles. The new proposed method involved subdivision of the pipeline cross-section into many subdivisions called the computational mesh. The subdivision is made by the application of the Finite Element Method (FEM). On each of the electrodynamic sensor installed to detect the electric charges carried by the moving solid particles; the effect of the particles’ electric charges enclosed in each of the computational mesh is modelled into a system equation. The system equation is used to compute the effect of the charges in the form of a matrix system of size [M×N] called the sensitivity matrix. The sensitivity matrix is applied for the reconstruction of the tomography image, using the Linear Back Projection (LBP) method. The reconstructed images represented the solid particles distribution through the pipeline. This assertion is due the consistencies between the simulation and real images with respect to the simulated images and the captured real data.

Mathematical modelling for prediction of tube hydroforming process using RSM and ANN

Abstract: Tube hydroforming (THF) is a special manufacturing process used to produce tubular components having applications in aerospace and automotive industries. The present study investigates the effect of process parameters such as coefficient of friction (CF), corner radius (CR) of the die and the axial feeding (AF) of the punch. The bulge ratio and thinning ratio has been evaluated to minimise the defects like bursting, wrinkling and buckling in the tubes. Apart from many parameters, these parameters are chosen to know the effect of each individual parameter on the outcomes namely bulge ratio and thinning ratio. Each factor has varied with three levels and a total of 27 simulations were carried out based on full factorial design. RSM and ANN were applied on the obtained results in order to predict the process parameters effect on the tube hydroforming process. The R-square value of ANN (0.9524 and 0.9517) is much closure to 1 when compared to R-square value of RSM (0.9539 and 0.9509).

Malaria Prevalence and Insecticide Treated Nets Usage in Argungu (North Western Nigeria)

Abstract: Insecticide treated net (ITNs) is known to have a major impact on malaria control if properly used The study was carried out to ascertain the impact of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) on malaria prevalence in Argungu, Northwestern Nigeria a decade after free distribution of ITNs Questionnaires were administered to obtain relevant information such as: age, occupation, and ownership and use or otherwise of ITNs Capillary blood samples obtained using sterile lancet were used in making thick blood films which were stained using Giemsa staining technique The stained thick films were all examined microscopically for malaria parasites Of the 300 household studied 226(75%) possessed at least one ITNs Possession of ITNs is significantly associated with occupation (P<005) Eighty nine percent of the civil servants had at least one ITNs, and only 40% of the unemployed household had at least one ITNs Not all these ITNs are being put into use Only 113(57%) out of the 199 pregnant women used ITNs the night before the survey Malaria prevalence is more among non ITNs users with proportionate decrease with increase in age among pregnant women Impact of insecticide treated nets on preventing malaria may be minimized if they are not used properly most especially by the vulnerable populations