Adama University

About: Adama University is a education organization based out in Nazrēt, Ethiopia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adsorption. The organization has 840 authors who have published 1010 publications receiving 5547 citations. The organization is also known as: Adama Science and Technology University & ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ, አዳማ ሳይንስና ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ.

A Host- Mortal Commensal Species Pair With Limited Resources- A Numerical Study

Abstract: The present paper deals with the numerical study on the ecological model which comprises the commensal and the host with limited resources. The trajectories of this model with multiple constraints are illustrated. The wide range values are considered for the parameters in this model. The dominance reversal time of the host species over the commensal species and vice versa are traced. The interactions between the species are identified.

Data Mining through Modelling in Irrigation Commands

Abstract: Supplying water naturally or artificially to soil, essentially for the growth of plants of crops is the basic purpose of the activity called “Irrigation”. Using nature, it could be carried out through flow irrigation using perennial and/or flood irrigation system. Uncertain potentiality of the erratic natural systems led to the investments in man-made resource mobilisation aimed at food safety. Artificial ways of doing it comprised of construction of storages and canal conveyance systems sometimes including lifting mechanisms. Generations survived with such a use of natural resources like land, water and air, however synthesised as exploitation once production started losing its grip and number of thrust habitants started increasing. To spare more water for drinking, it became necessary to maximise the productivity of the irrigated water through unlimited use of fertilisers and pesticides. Sprinkler irrigation made the major breakthrough due to its consumptive water spreads and almost no draining scope. Canal Systems were converted in to water tight lined conveyance instruments. Possibility of vertical flows now exist only when precipitation exceed the initial soil moisture requirements and has the capacity to infiltrate the soil masses having voids filled with excessive fertilisers and pesticides. Soil consists of finely divided organic matter and minerals formed by disintegration of rocks as well as soil colloids and soil solutions. Sandy soil is known as light soil, loam as medium or normal soil and clay as heavy soil. Different types of soils are good for different crops. Crops requiring more water are nicely grown in heavy soils like clay. Light soils containing sand through which water quickly passes down can grow crops with lesser water requirements. Normal soils are well drained and ventilated, ideal for crops with average water requirements. The salts commonly met with in the soil crust are the sulphates, chlorides, carbonates and nitrates of sodium, potassium and magnesium and also chlorides and nitrates of calcium. If the percentage of the total harmful salts does not exceed 0.18%, the yield from the soil is not generally affected. But if it exceeds 0.25%, the soil becomes infertile. For normal yield of crop, the PH value of the soil should lie between 6 and 8.5. When it exceeds 11, the soil becomes useless and unable to grow any crop. Interesting to note that the fall out of the irrigation efforts, if in one hand could ensure the food security, on the other hand agricultural commands gradually became infertile in many places visibly diagnosed as water-logging and salinity of soil causing efflorescence. Soil erosion due to floods, rains and winds segregates the chemical fertilisers with top soil, not allowing it to be consumptively used and improve fertility. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimate that 60–80 million hectares are affected to varying degrees by water-logging and salinity (FAO, 1996). It must have been increased many folds since then, despite many research and development plans to mitigate the effects. Dry land salinity is an added complexion of the problem, where water supply has limited role to play. However different estimates have shown that worldwide only 20 to 24% of the irrigated lands suffer infertility due to salinity and water-logging (Khan, Rana, & Hanjra, 2007), also reports magical recovery in the situation in India since 1991. Pradeep Kumar Majumdar Adama Science and Technology University, Ethiopia

Parametric Study of Silicon-Based Tubular Tunnel FET for Biosensing Application

Abstract: In this paper, a Silicon Nano tube TFET has been proposed to sense the biomolecules. The simulations are carried out using the TCAD 3D tool. A nanocavity is made in the proposed device, and its ambipolar characteristics are taken as the sensitivity parameter. Sensitivity parameters are found by considering the level of filling of the cavity. All the simulations are done in the subthreshold region and considered the charge as well as neutral biomolecules. The biosensor is based on the dielectric modulated FET. In this tubular biosensor one gate is taken as the detecting gate and another gate is taken as the controlling gate. It is found that the implementation of tubular tunnel FET and gate engineering improves the device characteristics in terms of TFET performance and make it suitable for the proposed biosensor.

Comparative study of quality of education in government and private schools in case of adama city, ethiopia, east africa

Abstract: This study intended to look at the managerial approaches as well as suitability of learning resources and schools’ physical infrastructures in Adama City Administration It investigated how the directors, teachers, and student’s parents perceived the academic performances of government and private primary schools Mean, S, D, and t-test were used to determine the differences of the two establishments of the primary schools A total of 155 papers were distributed to randomly selected Primary school Directors, Teachers, and Students’ Parents involved in school management activities 120 questionnaires were filled by those randomly selected respondents and returned Of the total, 10 Directors, 80 Teachers, and 30 Students’ Parents filled the questionnaires This study used two major categories of measures – Managerial aspects and physical facilities to compare private and government schools Independent sample t test was used to measure the extent of differences between the two measures Further significant differences were revealed in the way parents, teachers and directors perceive the quality of education

Phytochemical Investigation and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Foeniculum vulgare Leaves Extract Ingredient of Ethiopian Local Liquor

Abstract: Medicinal plants are of great interest to the researcher in the field of biotechnology, as natural products, including medicinal plants, accounts 25% of prescribed drugs. Plants are sources for fragrances, drink colors and flavors in several countries including Ethiopia. All parts of Foeniculum vulgare were traditionally used as antispasmodic, aromatic, carminative, digestive, galactagogues, stomach and kidney ailment. Foeniculum vulgare leaves extract was investigated for its phytochemicals as well as antimicrobial effects. The petroleum ether, CHCl 3 , CHCl 3 /CH 3 OH (1:1) and CH 3 OH crude extract were subjected to phytochemicals screening test which revealed that it is rich in any primary and secondary metabolites such as steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cholesterol, terpenoids, saponins, phenols, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, and proteins. The essential oil of the plant leaves was investigated by GC‑MS and was found to have (64.92%) anethole, as a major constituent followed by (30.88%) estragole and (3.21%) fenchyl acetate. The crude extracts, oil, and the isolated compound were tested against four bacterial species (Gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri ; Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyrogenes ) and two fungal species ( Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger ) using paper disc diffusion method. Tests of antimicrobial activity showed that all crude extracts and isolated pure compound were active against all the tested bacterial and fungal species. However, the hydrodistillation extract was found to have no antibacterial activity towards the tested bacterial species but active against the two fungal species and thus the present study supported the traditional claims of the plant.