Henan University of Technology

About: Henan University of Technology is a education organization based out in Zhengzhou, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Chemistry. The organization has 7648 authors who have published 6503 publications receiving 73067 citations. The organization is also known as: Hénán Gōngyè Dàxué.

Chemical Analysis and Simulated Pyrolysis of Tobacco Heating System 2.2 Compared to Conventional Cigarettes

Abstract: Introduction Tobacco Heating System 2.2 (THS 2.2, marketed as iQOS) is a heat-not-burn (HNB) tobacco product that has been successfully introduced to global markets. Despite its expanding market, few independent and systematic researches into THS 2.2 have been carried out to date. Methods We tested a comprehensive list of total particulate matter (TPM), water, tar, nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, aromatic amines, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, N-nitrosamines, phenol, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon under both ISO and HCI regimes. We also simulated pyrolysis of THS 2.2 heating sticks and made comparisons with conventional cigarette tobacco fillers using comprehensive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC × GC-MS) to determine whether the specially designed ingredients help reduce harmful constituents. Results Other than some carbonyls, ammonia, and N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB), the delivered releases from THS 2.2 were at least 80% lower than those from 3R4F. Tar and nicotine remained almost the same as 3R4F. Interestingly, the normalized yield of THS 2.2 to 3R4F under the HCI regime was lower than that under the ISO regime. Conclusions THS 2.2 delivered fewer harmful constituents than the conventional cigarette 3R4F. Simulated pyrolysis results showed that the lower temperature instead of specially designed ingredients contributed to the distinct shift. In particular, if smoking machines are involved to evaluate the HNB products, smoking regimes of heat-not-burn tobacco products should be carefully chosen. Implications To our knowledge, few independent studies of HNB products have been published. In this paper, a comprehensive list of chemical releases was tested systematically and compared to those from 3R4F. Although THS 2.2 generates lower levels of harmful constituents, the nicotine and tar levels were almost identical to 3R4F.The results should be discussed carefully in the future when assessing the dual-use with other conventional cigarettes, nicotine dependence of HNB products, etc. This study also suggests that regulatory agencies should pay attention to the smoking regimes that are adopted to evaluate HNB tobacco products.

An erasable photo-patterning material based on a specially designed 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)aniline salicylaldehyde hydrazone aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecule

Abstract: Luminescent molecules with photochromic properties show strong potential in molecular switches, molecular logic gates, photo-controllable materials, bio-imaging, anti-counterfeiting, photo-patterning, etc. However, research is still scarce in such molecules exhibiting reversible photo-controllable color and fluorescence changes in solid states, which is due to the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect of most luminogens. In this work, a reversible photochromic molecule (1) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties was developed. Compound 1 exhibits typical AIE properties as a result of restricted intramolecular rotation (RIR) and excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) processes. As a photochromic molecule, compound 1 shows reversible color and fluorescence changes upon UV light irradiation with good fatigue resistance. More importantly, the conversion rate from its irradiated form to its initial form is controllable by temperature and long wavelength light irradiation, which makes it suitable for photo-patterning materials with erasable properties.