Orange S.A.

About: Orange S.A. is a company organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Terminal (electronics) & Signal. The organization has 6735 authors who have published 9190 publications receiving 156440 citations. The organization is also known as: Orange SA & France Télécom.

Two approaches linking a test generation tool with verification techniques

Abstract: This paper presents two methods implemented in a test generation tool to compute significant feasible test paths including parameter values for input-output events The first method is a kind of symbolic execution The second method consists in linking the test generation tool with a tool permitting sophisticated types of reachability analysis Preliminary results on non-trivial protocols are commented

Monolithic optical system and method of making same including improved coupling means between an optical fiber and a phototransducer

Abstract: An optical system comprising a monomode main optical fiber coupled to a phototransducer, by means of an assembly between the monomode optical fiber and the phototransducer, which assembly comprises, in succession: a piece of graded index multimode fiber, a piece of step index multimode fiber, and a microlens.

Centralized vs. distributed approaches for encompassing physical impairments in transparent optical networks

Abstract: Transparent optical mesh networks are an appealing solution to provide cost-effective high bandwidth connections eliminating the need of expensive intermediate electronic regenerators. However, the implementation of transparent optical networks requires to take into account physical impairment information for effective lightpath set-up. In this paper, we present two distributed solutions to encompass physical impairments based on enhancements of the GMPLS protocol suite. Specifically, both GMPLS routing protocol and signaling protocol extensions are presented and discussed. An alternative centralized approach based on an impairment-aware Path Computation Element (PCE) is also proposed. The distributed routing approach exhibits convergence limitations, while the distributed signaling approach is scalable and effective. The latter is then compared against the centralized PCE approach through simulations considering both a metro network and a more complex WDM network scenario. In addition, experimental implementations of the two approaches are presented. Results show the trade-off of the two approaches, demonstrating the general good performance in terms of lightpath set up time for both approaches.

Method and apparatus for communicating graphical information to a visually impaired person using haptic feedback

Abstract: An apparatus for providing a haptic feedback for enabling a visually impaired person to mentally visualize an image that includes at least one line, is arranged to store graphical information data corresponding to the image is stored. A portable, handheld device (40) including position sensing means (44) is manually movable by the visually impaired person through an adjacent space, for providing a position signal representative of a current position within the space to where the device (40) is moved by the person. The stored graphical information data is compared with the position signal to generate a haptic output activation signal when the current position of the device is determined to overlap an image line. The position signal in the space is relatable to the stored graphical information. A tactile feedback mechanism (10) in the portable device is responsive to the haptic output activation signal for providing to the person a tactile indication to create a mental image that the current position of the device is at a line of the image.

Method for manufacturing an active matrix display screen with storage capacitors

Abstract: The method includes only two masking levels. During the second masking, capacitative lines (LC) (dedicated or merged with the addressing lines) are defined which overlap the pixels so as to form the storage capacitors (Cs). Application for display on flat liquid crystal screens.