Orange S.A.

About: Orange S.A. is a company organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Terminal (electronics) & Signal. The organization has 6735 authors who have published 9190 publications receiving 156440 citations. The organization is also known as: Orange SA & France Télécom.

Locating cache proxies in manets

Abstract: Caching Internet based services is a potentially important application for MANETs, as it can improve mobile users' perceived quality of service, reduce their energy consumption, and lower their air-time costs. This paper considers the problem of locating cache proxies in MANETs using several search techniques. The paper first examines several existing and a few novel search techniques including flooding, constrained flooding, a novel dynamic variation of probabilistic flooding, and BFS. These are superimposed on a Maximal Independent Set (MIS), a Connected Dominating Set (DS), and a novel adaptation of BFS-tree based overlays, where each of these overlays is maintained in a self stabilizing manner. The paper also includes a comparison of the performance of these search techniques and overlays by extensive simulations.

Smart card updating process

Abstract: Smart card payment process. The card in particular contains an irreversible counter, a balance and a certificate proving the integrity of the preceding informations. The content of the card can only be updated by terminals knowing, the calculation secrets of the certificate. By means of the irreversible counter which intervenes in the calculation of the certificate, it is not possible to reload into the card a prior content (balance/certificate), because such a reloading requires the incrementation of the counter, which renders null and void the prior certificate.

Alternating phase-shift generation for complex circuit designs

Abstract: One of the main challenges for the industrialization of the alternating phase shift mask technique is the geometrical design of the phase shifters. The problem is complex and software development is required to achieve automation. This data preparation is necessary in order to apply the most powerful optical enhancement technique, the alternating PSM, to the gate lithography of logic designs. After the implementation of an algorithm, very promising on small flat geometrical designs of a few hundred transistors, it has been decided to test this software on complete circuits. This paper deals with the issues associated with alternating pattern generation on complex circuits. In particular, the use of layout hierarchy is essential to obtain an acceptable amount of manual intervention and computer processing time. There are two kinds of limitations to this global approach. First, the overlapping or the proximity of cells in the hierarchy may not be compatible with a cell-by-cell generation of phase shifters. Secondly, some local design configurations may be difficult to phase shift. The question is: `is the number of occurrences of such cases manageable?' This presentation is illustrated by our experience on a multiplier design of about 15000 transistors, created using a standard cell library in 0.25 micron technology. This work shows that the theoretically difficult cases of layout hierarchy or geometrical design are not critical in practice. In particular, the design method based on standard cell libraries creates a hierarchy which is very favorable to our approach. This article presents a method for the alternating pattern generation on complex circuits which is based on two main points: first, on a software able to generate alternating phase shifters on small flat cells, and secondly, on the advantage of using layout hierarchy.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Method and system for remotely controlling appliances

Abstract: A method of remotely controlling at least one domestic appliance, remote control of such domestic appliances is triggered automatically by detecting a mobile communications terminal entering or leaving a radio reception perimeter of a control device. The control device is a home gateway or more simply a modem provided with a radio access unit.