Institution
Pompeu Fabra University
Education•Barcelona, Spain•
About: Pompeu Fabra University is a education organization based out in Barcelona, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 8093 authors who have published 23570 publications receiving 858431 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitat Pompeu Fabra & UPF.
Topics: Population, Context (language use), Gene, Computer science, Politics
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The authors used data on more than 1,000 political leaders between 1875 and 2004 to investigate whether having a more educated leader affects the rate of economic growth and provided evidence supporting the view that heterogeneity among leaders' educational attainment is important with growth being higher by having leaders who are more highly educated.
Abstract: This article uses data on more than 1,000 political leaders between 1875 and 2004 to investigate whether having a more educated leader affects the rate of economic growth. We use an expanded set of random leadership transitions because of natural death or terminal illness to show, following an earlier paper by Jones and Olken (2005), that leaders matter for growth. We then provide evidence supporting the view that heterogeneity among leaders’ educational attainment is important with growth being higher by having leaders who are more highly educated.
388 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown how equity weights may serve to incorporate concerns for severity and potentials for health in QALY calculations and is suggested that for chronically ill or disabled people a life year gained should count as one and no less than one as long as the year is considered preferable to being dead by the person concerned.
Abstract: The paper addresses some limitations of the QALY approach and outlines a valuation procedure that may overcome these limitations. In particular, we focus on the following issues: the distinction between assessing individual utility and assessing societal value of health care; the need to incorporate concerns for severity of illness as an independent factor in a numerical model of societal valuations of health outcomes; similarly, the need to incorporate reluctance to discriminate against patients that happen to have lesser potentials for health than others; and finally, the need to combine measurements of health-related quality of life obtained from actual patients (or former patients) with measurements of distributive preferences in the general population when estimating societal value. We show how equity weights may serve to incorporate concerns for severity and potentials for health in QALY calculations. We also suggest that for chronically ill or disabled people a life year gained should count as one and no less than one as long as the year is considered preferable to being dead by the person concerned. We call our approach ‘cost-value analysis’. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
388 citations
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15 Apr 2018TL;DR: The proposed model adaptation retains Wavenet's powerful acoustic modeling capabilities, while significantly reducing its time-complexity by eliminating its autoregressive nature.
Abstract: Most speech processing techniques use magnitude spectrograms as front-end and are therefore by default discarding part of the signal: the phase. In order to overcome this limitation’ we propose an end-to-end learning method for speech denoising based on Wavenet. The proposed model adaptation retains Wavenet's powerful acoustic modeling capabilities, while significantly reducing its time-complexity by eliminating its autoregressive nature. Specifically, the model makes use of non-causal, dilated convolutions and predicts target fields instead of a single target sample. The discriminative adaptation of the model we propose, learns in a supervised fashion via minimizing a regression loss. These modifications make the model highly parallelizable during both training and inference. Both quantitative and qualitative evaluations indicate that the proposed method is preferred over Wiener filtering, a common method based on processing the magnitude spectrogram.
387 citations
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Columbia University1, Max Planck Society2, Broad Institute3, University of Chicago4, Polytechnic University of Catalonia5, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary6, King's College London7, University of California, Los Angeles8, University of Southern California9, University of Michigan10, Pfizer11, University of Geneva12, University of Dundee13, Harvard University14, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics15, Pompeu Fabra University16, Northwestern University17
TL;DR: A growing number of in silico cell type deconvolution methods and associated reference panels with cell type–specific marker genes enable the robust estimation of the enrichment of specific cell types from bulk tissue gene expression data.
Abstract: The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project has identified expression and splicing quantitative trait loci in cis (QTLs) for the majority of genes across a wide range of human tissues. However, the functional characterization of these QTLs has been limited by the heterogeneous cellular composition of GTEx tissue samples. We mapped interactions between computational estimates of cell type abundance and genotype to identify cell type-interaction QTLs for seven cell types and show that cell type-interaction expression QTLs (eQTLs) provide finer resolution to tissue specificity than bulk tissue cis-eQTLs. Analyses of genetic associations with 87 complex traits show a contribution from cell type-interaction QTLs and enables the discovery of hundreds of previously unidentified colocalized loci that are masked in bulk tissue.
386 citations
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University of Crete1, National Institutes of Health2, Utrecht University3, Sahlgrenska University Hospital4, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich5, University of Tartu6, Monash University7, University of California, San Francisco8, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité9, University of British Columbia10, French Institute of Health and Medical Research11, Uppsala University12, University of Verona13, University of Pavia14, University of Antwerp15, Pompeu Fabra University16
TL;DR: The increased risk of asthma after inhalation accidents suggests that workers who have such accidents should be monitored closely.
385 citations
Authors
Showing all 8248 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Andrei Shleifer | 171 | 514 | 271880 |
Paul Elliott | 153 | 773 | 103839 |
Bert Brunekreef | 124 | 806 | 81938 |
Philippe Aghion | 122 | 507 | 73438 |
Anjana Rao | 118 | 337 | 61395 |
Jordi Sunyer | 115 | 798 | 57211 |
Kenneth J. Arrow | 113 | 411 | 111221 |
Xavier Estivill | 110 | 673 | 59568 |
Roderic Guigó | 108 | 304 | 106914 |
Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen | 107 | 647 | 49080 |
Jordi Alonso | 107 | 523 | 64058 |
Alfonso Valencia | 106 | 542 | 55192 |
Luis Serrano | 105 | 452 | 42515 |
Vadim N. Gladyshev | 102 | 490 | 34148 |
Josep M. Antó | 100 | 493 | 38663 |