Urban Institute

About: Urban Institute is a nonprofit organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicaid & Population. The organization has 927 authors who have published 2330 publications receiving 86426 citations.

The Incubator Hypothesis: Evidence from Five Cities

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to review the past evidence and to offer some new data to assess whether the incubator hypothesis can be empirically supported. In particular the two general aspects of the hypothesis will be tested. First, we will examine the proposition that highly centralized locations are attracting a disproportionate number of new firms and/or the employment associated with new firms. Second, we will test the hypothesis that new firms which are formed in high density areas move outward from such sites in their early years of existence in order to expand their productive activities. We refer to these as the "simple and "dynamic" hypotheses in the rest of the paper. Our analysis is based on the experience of all manufacturers in several U.S. cities. We recognize that it is quite possible that the hypothesis could hold for certain industries even if it is unsupported for all firms together. Our intent, however, is to test the validity of the hypothesis as a general theory of intraurban location behavior. The paper consists of three sections. The first two present evidence on the "simple" and "dynamic" hypotheses. The final section summarizes our findings and offers some conclusions.

A longitudinal examination of the consequences of sexual victimization for rural young adult women

Abstract: This longitudinal study examined the consequences of sexual victimization in a sample of 237 young adult women from a rural community. Of the total sample, 71 (30%) reported experiencing some type of unwanted sex. Multiple regression was used to examine the effects on psychosocial adjustment of unwanted sex that occurred through nonviolent coercion and violent coercion, respectively, controlling for prior psychological adjustment. Results indicated that women who reported physically violent sexual coercion exhibited poorer psychological and social/relational adjustment than either nonvictimized women or women who had experienced nonviolent forms of sexual coercion. Additionally, nonviolent sexual coercion was associated with higher sexual depression, compared with nonvictimized status. A second set of regressions compared adjustment outcomes for women reporting four types of sexual coercion: (a) internal psychological pressure, (b) substance‐related coercion, (c) external psychological manipulation, and (...

Impact of the BBA on post-acute utilization.

Abstract: In this article, the author summarizes recent changes in Medicare post-acute payment policies, discusses the implications of certain design and implementation issues, and analyzes whether different types of patients are using skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), home health agencies (HHAs), and rehabilitation hospitals and units. If similar populations are treated by these three types of providers, service patterns may be affected by the financial incentives in the new, more restrictive payment policies. The author describes new post-acute care (PAC) payment policies, service patterns prior to the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA), differences in the populations using these providers, and possible effects of the new payment systems on site-of-care decisions.