Journal ArticleDOI
Back-Translation for Cross-Cultural Research
TLDR
The authors investigated factors that affect translation quality and how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated through an analysis of variance design, and concluded that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target translations are studied.Abstract:
Two aspects of translation were investigated: (1) factors that affect translation quality, and (2) how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated. The variables of language, content, and difficulty were studied through an analysis of variance design. Ninety-four bilinguals from the University of Guam, representing ten languages, translated or back-translated six essays incorporating three content areas and two levels of difficulty. The five criteria for equivalence were based on comparisons of meaning or predictions of similar responses to original or translated versions. The factors of content, difficulty, language and content-language interaction were significant, and the five equivalence criteria proved workable. Conclusions are that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target versions are studied.read more
Citations
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Cross-Cultural Perspectives of Service Quality and Risk in Air Transportation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared US and Korean customers in terms of their perceptions of airline service quality based on SERVPERF and industry-based measures, as well as their perception of risks involved in the airline choice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transformational leadership dimensions and employee creativity in China: A cross-level analysis
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a positive relationship between organization-level transformational leadership and individual level creativity which will be mediated by psychological safety climate, and analyzed data from 123 branches of a retail bank in mainland China.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does China have more than one culture
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors empirically compared regional differences in the work-related values of Chinese employees, using Hofstede's cultural dimensions in terms of individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crossover of Work–Life Balance Perceptions: Does Authentic Leadership Matter?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors build on conservation of resources theory to develop a leader-follower crossover model of the impact of authentic leadership on followers' job satisfaction through leaders' and followers' work-life balance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychometric evaluation of the Tagalog and German subjective happiness scales and a cross-cultural comparison
TL;DR: The Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) has recently been developed as a more complete measure for the assessment of molar subjective happiness as mentioned in this paper, which has been translated and validated for German and Tagalog versions of the SHS and conduct an initial cross-cultural examination of subjective happiness.
References
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Book
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the principles of estimation and inference: means and variance, means and variations, and means and variance of estimators and inferors, and the analysis of factorial experiments having repeated measures on the same element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: This chapter discusses design and analysis of single-Factor Experiments: Completely Randomized Design and Factorial Experiments in which Some of the Interactions are Confounded.
Book
Toward a science of translating
TL;DR: Toward a Science of Translating as mentioned in this paper describes the major components of translating; setting the translating into the context of historical changes in principles and procedures over the last two centuries.
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