Journal ArticleDOI
Back-Translation for Cross-Cultural Research
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TLDR
The authors investigated factors that affect translation quality and how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated through an analysis of variance design, and concluded that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target translations are studied.Abstract:
Two aspects of translation were investigated: (1) factors that affect translation quality, and (2) how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated. The variables of language, content, and difficulty were studied through an analysis of variance design. Ninety-four bilinguals from the University of Guam, representing ten languages, translated or back-translated six essays incorporating three content areas and two levels of difficulty. The five criteria for equivalence were based on comparisons of meaning or predictions of similar responses to original or translated versions. The factors of content, difficulty, language and content-language interaction were significant, and the five equivalence criteria proved workable. Conclusions are that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target versions are studied.read more
Citations
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High-Performance Human Resource Practices and Employee Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Public Service Motivation
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the mechanisms through which high-performance human resource practices (HPHRPs) affect employee outcomes using the theoretical lens of social exchange and process theories, and find that public service motivation partially mediated the relationship between HPHRPs and employees' affective commitment and organizational citizenship behaviors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conflict management and task reflexivity for team in-role and extra-role performance in China
Dean Tjosvold,Chun Hui,Ziyou Yu +2 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors suggest that managing conflict cooperatively and productively provides a foundation for effective team task reflexivity and conclude that cooperative conflict management promotes task reflexive that in turn results in team performance.
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Asset specificity and foreign market entry mode choice of small and medium-sized enterprises: The moderating influence of knowledge safeguards and institutional safeguards
TL;DR: In this article, the authors contextualized the relationship between asset specificity and foreign market entry mode choice by introducing knowledge safeguards (international experience, host-country networks, and imitation) and institutional safeguards (property rights protection and cultural proximity) as alternative mechanisms for securing a firm's specific assets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Motives and partner selection criteria in international strategic alliances: Perspectives of Chinese firms
Li Dong,Keith W. Glaister +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the strategic motivation for international strategic alliance (ISA) formation and partner selection criteria in a sample of 203 Chinese ISAs using questionnaire data obtained from Chinese partners.
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How is your user feeling? inferring emotion through human-computer interaction devices
TL;DR: City University of Hong Kong [7002626, 7004123], Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region [CityU149512] and City University of Singapore [
References
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Book
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the principles of estimation and inference: means and variance, means and variations, and means and variance of estimators and inferors, and the analysis of factorial experiments having repeated measures on the same element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: This chapter discusses design and analysis of single-Factor Experiments: Completely Randomized Design and Factorial Experiments in which Some of the Interactions are Confounded.
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Toward a science of translating
TL;DR: Toward a Science of Translating as mentioned in this paper describes the major components of translating; setting the translating into the context of historical changes in principles and procedures over the last two centuries.
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