Journal ArticleDOI
Back-Translation for Cross-Cultural Research
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The authors investigated factors that affect translation quality and how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated through an analysis of variance design, and concluded that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target translations are studied.Abstract:
Two aspects of translation were investigated: (1) factors that affect translation quality, and (2) how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated. The variables of language, content, and difficulty were studied through an analysis of variance design. Ninety-four bilinguals from the University of Guam, representing ten languages, translated or back-translated six essays incorporating three content areas and two levels of difficulty. The five criteria for equivalence were based on comparisons of meaning or predictions of similar responses to original or translated versions. The factors of content, difficulty, language and content-language interaction were significant, and the five equivalence criteria proved workable. Conclusions are that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target versions are studied.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Use and practice of patient diaries in Swedish intensive care units: a national survey
TL;DR: The uses of diaries in post ICU follow up were found to be common in Sweden and a majority used defined goals and content structure, however, there were differences in practice and patient recruitment among the levels of ICUs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Violated expectations and acculturative stress among U.S. Hispanic immigrants.
TL;DR: Expectancy violation theory was tested with Hispanic immigrants by determining whether discrepancies between their retrospectively recalled pre-migration expectations about life in the United States and their post-migrate experiences would predict their levels of acculturative stress, although some of the findings were counter to EVT.
Journal ArticleDOI
How does sales force automation influence relationship quality and performance? The mediating roles of learning and selling behaviors
TL;DR: In this article, the mediating roles of learning and adaptive selling behaviors on the outcomes of SFA usage are investigated and the authors highlight the role of learning through adaptive selling on those outcome variables.
Journal ArticleDOI
Consumers' continuance intention to use fitness and health apps: an integration of the expectation–confirmation model and investment model
TL;DR: The integrated model helps better understand fitness and health app users' decision-making process from the perspective of relationship commitment and suggests practical implications for health and fitness app providers.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of attribution beliefs, motivation and strategy use in Chinese fifth-graders' reading comprehension
TL;DR: This article examined the relationship between students' implicit beliefs about intelligence and ability, and their motivation, metacognitive awareness of reading strategies and reading comprehension, and found that factors such as attribution beliefs, motivation and strategy use might contribute to reading proficiency.
References
More filters
Book
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the principles of estimation and inference: means and variance, means and variations, and means and variance of estimators and inferors, and the analysis of factorial experiments having repeated measures on the same element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: This chapter discusses design and analysis of single-Factor Experiments: Completely Randomized Design and Factorial Experiments in which Some of the Interactions are Confounded.
Book
Toward a science of translating
TL;DR: Toward a Science of Translating as mentioned in this paper describes the major components of translating; setting the translating into the context of historical changes in principles and procedures over the last two centuries.
Related Papers (5)
Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error
Claes Fornell,David F. Larcker +1 more
Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis : Conventional criteria versus new alternatives
Li-tze Hu,Peter M. Bentler +1 more