Journal ArticleDOI
Back-Translation for Cross-Cultural Research
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The authors investigated factors that affect translation quality and how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated through an analysis of variance design, and concluded that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target translations are studied.Abstract:
Two aspects of translation were investigated: (1) factors that affect translation quality, and (2) how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated. The variables of language, content, and difficulty were studied through an analysis of variance design. Ninety-four bilinguals from the University of Guam, representing ten languages, translated or back-translated six essays incorporating three content areas and two levels of difficulty. The five criteria for equivalence were based on comparisons of meaning or predictions of similar responses to original or translated versions. The factors of content, difficulty, language and content-language interaction were significant, and the five equivalence criteria proved workable. Conclusions are that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target versions are studied.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Why do international assignees stay? An organizational embeddedness perspective
TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply an organizational embeddedness perspective to examine international assignees' retention with the organization, hypothesize that assignees social ties within and their perceived fit with the host unit positively relate to two sacrifices on leaving the organization: their firm-specific learning during the assignment, and the perceived career prospects in the organization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Corporate Brand Trust as a Mediator in the Relationship between Consumer Perception of CSR, Corporate Hypocrisy, and Corporate Reputation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between consumer perception of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), corporate brand trust, corporate hypocrisy, and corporate reputation, and found that consumer perception is an antecedent to corporate reputation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Consumers’ associations with wellbeing in a food-related context: A cross-cultural study
Gastón Ares,Luis de Saldamando,Ana Giménez,Anna Claret,Luís Miguel Cunha,Luis Guerrero,Ana Pinto de Moura,Denize Oliveira,Ronan Symoneaux,Rosires Deliza +9 more
TL;DR: Significant differences among countries were identified in the frequency of mention of the categories elicited in the five questions, suggesting that culture affected consumers’ associations with wellbeing.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Norm of Reciprocity: Scale Development and Validation in the Chinese Context
Joshua B. Wu,Peter W. Hom,Lois E. Tetrick,Lynn M. Shore,Liangding Jia,Chaoping Li,Lynda Jiwen Song +6 more
TL;DR: The authors developed a measure of Sahlins' generalized, balanced, and negative reciprocity types and validated its psychometric quality in China, using factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Culture and leisure constraints: a comparison of Canadian and Mainland Chinese university students.
TL;DR: In this paper, an inventory of intrapersonal leisure constraints items using the theory of planned behavior and self-determination theory as guiding frameworks was developed, and the inventory was used to assess the cross-cultural validity of the hierarchical model of leisure constraints.
References
More filters
Book
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the principles of estimation and inference: means and variance, means and variations, and means and variance of estimators and inferors, and the analysis of factorial experiments having repeated measures on the same element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: This chapter discusses design and analysis of single-Factor Experiments: Completely Randomized Design and Factorial Experiments in which Some of the Interactions are Confounded.
Book
Toward a science of translating
TL;DR: Toward a Science of Translating as mentioned in this paper describes the major components of translating; setting the translating into the context of historical changes in principles and procedures over the last two centuries.
Related Papers (5)
Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error
Claes Fornell,David F. Larcker +1 more
Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis : Conventional criteria versus new alternatives
Li-tze Hu,Peter M. Bentler +1 more