Journal ArticleDOI
Back-Translation for Cross-Cultural Research
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TLDR
The authors investigated factors that affect translation quality and how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated through an analysis of variance design, and concluded that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target translations are studied.Abstract:
Two aspects of translation were investigated: (1) factors that affect translation quality, and (2) how equivalence between source and target versions can be evaluated. The variables of language, content, and difficulty were studied through an analysis of variance design. Ninety-four bilinguals from the University of Guam, representing ten languages, translated or back-translated six essays incorporating three content areas and two levels of difficulty. The five criteria for equivalence were based on comparisons of meaning or predictions of similar responses to original or translated versions. The factors of content, difficulty, language and content-language interaction were significant, and the five equivalence criteria proved workable. Conclusions are that translation quality can be predicted, and that a functionally equivalent translation can be demonstrated when responses to the original and target versions are studied.read more
Citations
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An Attention-Based Graph Neural Network for Heterogeneous Structural Learning
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a Heterogeneous Graph Structural Attention Neural Network (HetSANN) to directly encode structural information of HIN without meta-path and achieve more informative representations.
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Development and Validation of an Instrument to Monitor the Implementation of Outcomes‐based Learning Environments in Science Classrooms in South Africa
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the development and validation of an instrument that can be used to assess students' perceptions of their learning environment as a means of monitoring and guiding changes towards outcomes-based education.
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The Hispanic Stress Inventory Version 2: Improving the assessment of acculturation stress.
TL;DR: The new HSI2 instruments are recommended for use by clinicians and researchers interested in assessing psychosocial stress among diverse Hispanic populations of various ethnic subgroups, age groups, and geographic location.
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On the Role of Brand Stereotypes in Shaping Consumer Response toward Brands: An Empirical Examination of Direct and Mediating Effects of Warmth and Competence
TL;DR: This paper examined the role of brand stereotypes in shaping consumers' brand-related responses and found that brand stereotypes mediate the relationships between brand personality and consumers' brands emotions, and that brand personality stereotypes are relevant predictors of brand emotions and intervening variables mediating the effects from brand personality perceptions on brand emotions.
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Issues of instrument translation in research on Asian immigrant populations.
TL;DR: The procedures used to translate the Caregiver Reaction Assessment instrument into Ilocano for use in a study with elderly Filipinos caring for their grandchildren and the Parenting Practice Interview into Korean for use for a study of parenting practices among Korean immigrant parents are described.
References
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Book
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the principles of estimation and inference: means and variance, means and variations, and means and variance of estimators and inferors, and the analysis of factorial experiments having repeated measures on the same element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
TL;DR: This chapter discusses design and analysis of single-Factor Experiments: Completely Randomized Design and Factorial Experiments in which Some of the Interactions are Confounded.
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TL;DR: Toward a Science of Translating as mentioned in this paper describes the major components of translating; setting the translating into the context of historical changes in principles and procedures over the last two centuries.
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