Characterization of the L 98-59 multi-planetary system with HARPS: two confirmed terrestrial planets and a mass upper limit on the third
R. Cloutier,Nicola Astudillo-Defru,X. Bonfils,J. S. Jenkins,George R. Ricker,R. Vanderspek,D. W. Latham,Sara Seager,J. N. Winn,J. M. Jenkins,J. M. Almenara,François Bouchy,X. Delfosse,Matias Diaz,Rodrigo F. Díaz,René Doyon,P. Figueira,T. Forveille,T. Jaffe,Nicolás T. Kurtovic,C. Lovis,M. Mayor,K. Menou,Edward H. Morgan,Robert L. Morris,Philip S. Muirhead,Felipe Murgas,Francesco Pepe,N. C. Santos,D. Segransan,Jeffrey C. Smith,P. Tenenbaum,Guillermo Torres,Stéphane Udry,M. Vezie,J. Villansenor +35 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors measured the masses of the known transiting planets in the L 98-59 system using precise radial velocity (RV) measurements taken with the HARPS spectrograph.Abstract:
L 98-59 (TIC 307210830, TOI-175) is a nearby M3 dwarf around which TESS revealed three terrestrial-sized transiting planets (0.80, 1.35, 1.57 Earth radii) in a compact configuration with orbital periods shorter than 7.5 days. Here we aim to measure the masses of the known transiting planets in this system using precise radial velocity (RV) measurements taken with the HARPS spectrograph. We consider both trained and untrained Gaussian process regression models of stellar activity to simultaneously model the RV data with the planetary signals. Our RV analysis is then supplemented with dynamical simulations to provide strong constraints on the planets' orbital eccentricities by requiring long-term stability. We measure the planet masses of the two outermost planets to be $2.46\pm 0.31$ and $2.26\pm 0.50$ Earth masses which confirms their bulk terrestrial compositions. We are able to place an upper limit on the mass of the smallest, innermost planet of $<0.98$ Earth masses with 95% confidence. Our RV plus dynamical stability analysis places strong constraints on the orbital eccentricities and reveals that each planet's orbit likely has $e<0.1$ to ensure a dynamically stable system. The L 98-59 compact system of three likely rocky planets offers a unique laboratory for studies of planet formation, dynamical stability, and comparative atmospheric planetology. Continued RV monitoring will help refine the characterization of the innermost planet and potentially reveal additional planets in the system at wider separations.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of the Radius Valley around Low-mass Stars from Kepler and K2
Ryan Cloutier,Kristen Menou +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the occurrence rate of small close-in planets around low-mass dwarf stars using the known planet populations from the Kepler and K2 missions was analyzed and the slope of the radius valley was shown to be $r{p,\text{valley}} \propto F^{-0.060\pm 0.025}$ which bears the opposite sign from that measured around Sun-like stars.
Journal ArticleDOI
SPIRou: NIR velocimetry and spectropolarimetry at the CFHT
J.-F. Donati,D. Kouach,C. Moutou,René Doyon,X. Delfosse,Étienne Artigau,Sébastien Baratchart,Marielle Lacombe,Gregory Barrick,Guillaume Hébrard,François Bouchy,François Bouchy,Leslie Saddlemyer,L. Parès,P. Rabou,Y Micheau,F. Dolon,V. Reshetov,Z Challita,A. Carmona,A. Carmona,Nicolas Striebig,Simon Thibault,Eder Martioli,Neil Cook,Pascal Fouqué,Tom Vermeulen,Shiang-Yu Wang,Luc Arnold,Francesco Pepe,Isabelle Boisse,P. Figueira,P. Figueira,Jerome Bouvier,Tom Ray,C Feugeade,Julien Morin,S. H. P. Alencar,M. J. Hobson,Bruno Castilho,Stéphane Udry,Nuno C. Santos,Oscar F. Hernández,Oscar F. Hernández,Tom Benedict,Philippe Vallée,G Gallou,M Dupieux,M Larrieu,S. Perruchot,R. Sottile,François Moreau,C Usher,Marc Baril,Francois Wildi,Bruno Chazelas,Lison Malo,Xavier Bonfils,D Kerley,I Wevers,J Dunn,John Pazder,S Macdonald,B Dubois,E Carrié,H Valentin,F. Henault,Chi-Hung Yan,Tilo Steinmetz +68 more
TL;DR: SPIRou as mentioned in this paper is a near-infrared spectropolarimeter/precision velocimeter recently installed on the 3.6m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT).
Journal ArticleDOI
The First Habitable Zone Earth-sized Planet from TESS. I: Validation of the TOI-700 System
Emily A. Gilbert,Thomas Barclay,Joshua E. Schlieder,Elisa V. Quintana,Benjamin J. Hord,Veselin B. Kostov,Eric D. Lopez,Jason F. Rowe,Kelsey Hoffman,Lucianne M. Walkowicz,Michele L. Silverstein,Joseph E. Rodriguez,Andrew Vanderburg,Gabrielle Suissa,Vladimir Airapetian,Matthew S. Clement,Sean N. Raymond,Andrew W. Mann,Ethan Kruse,Jack J. Lissauer,Knicole D. Colón,Ravi Kumar Kopparapu,Laura Kreidberg,Sebastian Zieba,Karen A. Collins,Samuel N. Quinn,Steve B. Howell,Carl Ziegler,Eliot Halley Vrijmoet,Fred C. Adams,Giada Arney,Patricia T. Boyd,Jonathan Brande,Christopher J. Burke,Luca Cacciapuoti,Quadry Chance,Jessie L. Christiansen,Giovanni Covone,Tansu Daylan,Danielle Dineen,Courtney D. Dressing,Zahra Essack,Thomas Fauchez,Brianna Galgano,Alex R. Howe,Lisa Kaltenegger,Stephen R. Kane,Christopher Lam,Eve J. Lee,Nikole K. Lewis,Sarah E. Logsdon,Avi Mandell,Teresa Monsue,Fergal Mullally,Susan E. Mullally,Rishi R. Paudel,Daria Pidhorodetska,Peter Plavchan,Naylynn Tañón Reyes,Stephen A. Rinehart,Bárbara Rojas-Ayala,Jeffrey C. Smith,Keivan G. Stassun,Peter Tenenbaum,Laura D. Vega,Geronimo L. Villanueva,Eric T. Wolf,Allison Youngblood,George R. Ricker,Roland Vanderspek,David W. Latham,Sara Seager,Joshua N. Winn,Jon M. Jenkins,Gáspár Á. Bakos,Cesar Briceno,David R. Ciardi,Ryan Cloutier,Dennis M. Conti,Andrew Couperus,Mario Di Sora,Nora L. Eisner,Mark E. Everett,Tianjun Gan,Joel D. Hartman,Todd J. Henry,Giovanni Isopi,Wei-Chun Jao,Eric L. N. Jensen,Nicholas M. Law,F. Mallia,Rachel A. Matson,Benjamin J. Shappee,Mackenna L. Wood,Jennifer G. Winters +94 more
TL;DR: In this article, the discovery and validation of a three-planar system orbiting the nearby (31.1 pc) M2 dwarf star TOI-700 (TIC 150428135) was presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Pair of TESS Planets Spanning the Radius Valley around the Nearby Mid-M Dwarf LTT 3780
Ryan Cloutier,Jason D. Eastman,Joseph E. Rodriguez,Nicola Astudillo-Defru,Xavier Bonfils,Annelies Mortier,Christopher A. Watson,M. Stalport,Matteo Pinamonti,F. Lienhard,Avet Harutyunyan,Mario Damasso,David W. Latham,Karen A. Collins,Robert Massey,Jonathan Irwin,Jennifer G. Winters,David Charbonneau,Carl Ziegler,Elisabeth Matthews,Ian J. M. Crossfield,Laura Kreidberg,Samuel N. Quinn,George R. Ricker,Roland Vanderspek,Sara Seager,Joshua N. Winn,Jon M. Jenkins,Michael Vezie,Stéphane Udry,Joseph D. Twicken,Joseph D. Twicken,Peter Tenenbaum,Alessandro Sozzetti,Damien Ségransan,Joshua E. Schlieder,Dimitar Sasselov,Nuno C. Santos,Ken Rice,Benjamin V. Rackham,Ennio Poretti,Giampaolo Piotto,David F. Phillips,Francesco Pepe,Emilio Molinari,L. Mignon,Giuseppina Micela,Claudio Melo,José Renan de Medeiros,Michel Mayor,Rachel A. Matson,Aldo F. M. Fiorenzano,Andrew W. Mann,A. Magazzu,Christophe Lovis,Mercedes Lopez-Morales,Eric D. Lopez,Jack J. Lissauer,Sébastien Lépine,Nicholas M. Law,John F. Kielkopf,John Asher Johnson,Eric L. N. Jensen,Steve B. Howell,Erica J. Gonzales,Adriano Ghedina,Thierry Forveille,Pedro Figueira,Pedro Figueira,Xavier Dumusque,Courtney D. Dressing,René Doyon,Rodrigo F. Díaz,Luca Di Fabrizio,Xavier Delfosse,Rosario Cosentino,Dennis M. Conti,Kevin I. Collins,Andrew Collier Cameron,David R. Ciardi,Douglas A. Caldwell,Christopher J. Burke,Lars A. Buchhave,Cesar Briceno,Patricia T. Boyd,François Bouchy,Charles A. Beichman,Étienne Artigau,J. M. Almenara +88 more
TL;DR: The work in this paper is supported by a Dunlap Fellowship at the Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, funded through an endowment established by the Dunllap family and the University of Toronto.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Sub-Neptune-sized Planet Transiting the M2.5 Dwarf G 9-40: Validation with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder
Gudmundur Stefansson,Caleb I. Cañas,John Wisniewski,Paul Robertson,Suvrath Mahadevan,Marissa Maney,Shubham Kanodia,Corey Beard,Chad F. Bender,Peter Brunt,J. Christopher Clemens,William D. Cochran,Scott A. Diddams,Scott A. Diddams,Michael Endl,Eric B. Ford,Connor Fredrick,Connor Fredrick,Samuel Halverson,Fred Hearty,Leslie Hebb,Joseph Huehnerhoff,Jeff Jennings,Jeff Jennings,Kyle Kaplan,Eric Levi,Emily Lubar,Andrew J. Metcalf,Andrew J. Metcalf,Andrew J. Metcalf,Andrew J. Monson,Brett M. Morris,Joe P. Ninan,Colin Nitroy,Lawrence W. Ramsey,Arpita Roy,Christian Schwab,Steinn Sigurdsson,Ryan Terrien,Jason T. Wright +39 more
TL;DR: In this article, a 2-Earth-radii sub-Neptune-sized planet was discovered around the nearby high-proper-motion M2.5 dwarf G 9-40 (EPIC 212048748), using high-precision, near-infrared (NIR) radial velocity (RV) observations with the Habitable Zone Planet Finder (HPF), precision diffuser-assisted ground-based photometry with a custom narrowband photometric filter, and adaptive optics imaging.
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TL;DR: The second Gaia data release, Gaia DR2 as mentioned in this paper, is a major advance with respect to Gaia DR1 in terms of completeness, performance, and richness of the data products.
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Lennart Lindegren,Jose M Hernandez,Alex Bombrun,Sergei A. Klioner,Ulrich Bastian,M. Ramos-Lerate,A. de Torres,H. Steidelmüller,C.A. Stephenson,David Hobbs,U. Lammers,M. Biermann,R. Geyer,Thomas Hilger,Daniel Michalik,U. Stampa,Paul J. McMillan,J. Castañeda,M. Clotet,G. Comoretto,Michael Davidson,C. Fabricius,G. Gracia,Nigel Hambly,A. Hutton,A. Mora,Jordi Portell,F. van Leeuwen,U. Abbas,A. Abreu,Martin Altmann,Martin Altmann,Alexandre Humberto Andrei,E. Anglada,L. Balaguer-Núñez,C. Barache,Ugo Becciani,Stefano Bertone,Stefano Bertone,Luciana Bianchi,S. Bouquillon,Geraldine Bourda,T. Brüsemeister,Beatrice Bucciarelli,D. Busonero,R. Buzzi,Rossella Cancelliere,T. Carlucci,Patrick Charlot,N. Cheek,Mariateresa Crosta,C. Crowley,J. H. J. de Bruijne,F. de Felice,R. Drimmel,P. Esquej,Agnes Fienga,E. Fraile,Mario Gai,N. Garralda,J.J. González-Vidal,Raphael Guerra,M. Hauser,M. Hauser,Werner Hofmann,B. Holl,Stefan Jordan,Mario G. Lattanzi,H. Lenhardt,S. Liao,E. Licata,Tim Lister,W. Löffler,Jon Marchant,J. M. Martín-Fleitas,R. Messineo,Francois Mignard,Roberto Morbidelli,E. Poggio,Alberto Riva,Nicholas Rowell,E. Salguero,M. Sarasso,Eva Sciacca,H. I. Siddiqui,Richard L. Smart,Alessandro Spagna,Iain A. Steele,F. Taris,J. Torra,A. van Elteren,W. van Reeven,Alberto Vecchiato +92 more
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No planet for HD 166435
Didier Queloz,Gregory W. Henry,Jean-Pierre Sivan,Sallie L. Baliunas,Sallie L. Baliunas,J. L. Beuzit,Robert A. Donahue,Michel Mayor,Dominique Naef,C. Perrier,Stéphane Udry +10 more
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Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
Anthony G. A. Brown,Antonella Vallenari,T. Prusti,J. H. J. de Bruijne,C. Babusiaux,Coryn A. L. Bailer-Jones,M. Biermann,D. W. Evans,L. Eyer,F. Jansen,Carme Jordi,Sergei A. Klioner,U. Lammers,Lennart Lindegren,Xavier Luri,Francois Mignard,C. Panem,Dimitri Pourbaix,Sofia Randich,P. Sartoretti,H. I. Siddiqui,Caroline Soubiran,F. van Leeuwen,Nicholas A. Walton,Frédéric Arenou,Ulrich Bastian,Mark Cropper,R. Drimmel,D. Katz,M. G. Lattanzi,Joost M. Bakker,C. Cacciari,J. Castañeda,L. Chaoul,N. Cheek,F. De Angeli,C. Fabricius,Raphael Guerra,B. Holl,E. Masana,R. Messineo,Nami Mowlavi,K. Nienartowicz,P. Panuzzo,J. Portell,M. Riello,George M. Seabroke,Paolo Tanga,F. Thévenin,G. Gracia-Abril,G. Comoretto,M. Garcia-Reinaldos,D. Teyssier,Martin Altmann,Rene Andrae,M. Audard,I. Bellas-Velidis,K. Benson,Jérôme Berthier,R. Blomme,P. Burgess,G. Busso,Benoit Carry,Alberto Cellino,G. Clementini,M. Clotet,O. Creevey,M. Davidson,J. De Ridder,Ludovic Delchambre,A. Dell'Oro,C. Ducourant,J. Fernández-Hernández,Morgan Fouesneau,Yves Fremat,Laurent Galluccio,Miguel García-Torres,J. González-Núñez,J. J. González-Vidal,Eric Gosset,Leanne P. Guy,J.-L. Halbwachs,Nigel Hambly,D. L. Harrison,Jose M Hernandez,Daniel Hestroffer,S. T. Hodgkin,A. Hutton,G. Jasniewicz,A. Jean-Antoine-Piccolo,Stefan Jordan,Andreas Korn,Alberto Krone-Martins,A. C. Lanzafame,T. Lebzelter,W. Löffler,Minia Manteiga,P. M. Marrese,J. M. Martín-Fleitas,André Moitinho,A. Mora,Karri Muinonen,J. Osinde,E. Pancino,T. Pauwels,J.-M. Petit,Alejandra Recio-Blanco,P. J. Richards,L. Rimoldini,Annie C. Robin,L. M. Sarro,Christos Siopis,M. J. S. Smith,Alessandro Sozzetti,Maria Süveges,J. Torra,W. van Reeven,U. Abbas,A. Abreu Aramburu,S. Accart,Conny Aerts,G. Altavilla,M. A. Álvarez,R. Alvarez,João Alves,Richard I. Anderson,Alexandre Humberto Andrei,E. Anglada Varela,E. Antiche,Teresa Antoja,Bernardino Arcay,Tri L. Astraatmadja,N. Bach,S. G. Baker,L. Balaguer-Núñez,P. Balm,C. Barache,C. Barata,D. Barbato,F. Barblan,Paul S. Barklem,David Barrado,M. Barros,M. A. Barstow,S. Bartholomé Muñoz,J.-L. Bassilana,Ugo Becciani,M. Bellazzini,A. Berihuete,Stefano Bertone,Luciana Bianchi,O. Bienaymé,S. Blanco-Cuaresma,T. Boch,C. Boeche,Alex Bombrun,R. Borrachero,Diego Bossini,S. Bouquillon,G. Bourda,Angela Bragaglia,L. Bramante,Maarten A. Breddels,Alessandro Bressan,N. Brouillet,T. Brüsemeister,E. Brugaletta,B. Bucciarelli,A. Burlacu,D. Busonero,A. G. Butkevich,R. Buzzi,Elisabetta Caffau,R. Cancelliere,G. Cannizzaro,Tristan Cantat-Gaudin,R. Carballo,T. Carlucci,J. M. Carrasco,Laia Casamiquela,Marco Castellani,Alfred Castro-Ginard,P. Charlot,L. Chemin,Andrea Chiavassa,G. Cocozza,G. Costigan,S. Cowell,F. Crifo,M. Crosta,C. Crowley,J. Cuypers,Carlos Dafonte,Yassine Damerdji,A. Dapergolas,P. David,M. David,P. de Laverny,F. De Luise,R. De March,D. de Martino,R. S. de Souza,A. de Torres,J. Debosscher,E. del Pozo,Marco Delbo,A. Delgado,H. E. Delgado,P. Di Matteo,S. Diakite,C. Diener,E. Distefano,C. Dolding,P. Drazinos,J. Durán,B. Edvardsson,H. Enke,K. Eriksson,P. Esquej,G. Eynard Bontemps,C. Fabre,M. Fabrizio,S. Faigler,A. J. Falcão,M. Farràs Casas,L. Federici,Grigori Fedorets,P. Fernique,F. Figueras,Francesco Filippi,K. Findeisen,A. Fonti,E. Fraile,Morgan Fraser,B. Frézouls,Mario Gai,S. Galleti,D. Garabato,F. García-Sedano,A. Garofalo,N. Garralda,A. Gavel,P. Gavras,J. Gerssen,R. Geyer,P. Giacobbe,Gerard Gilmore,S. Girona,G. Giuffrida,F. Glass,M. Gomes,Mikael Granvik,A. Gueguen,A. Guerrier,J. Guiraud,R. Gutiérrez-Sánchez,R. Haigron,Despina Hatzidimitriou,M. Hauser,M. Haywood,Ulrike Heiter,Amina Helmi,J. Heu,Thomas Hilger,David Hobbs,Werner Hofmann,G. Holland,H. E. Huckle,A. Hypki,V. Icardi,K. Janßen,G. Jevardat de Fombelle,Peter G. Jonker,Attila Juhasz,F. Julbe,A. Karampelas,A. Kewley,Joakim Klar,A. Kochoska,R. Kohley,K. Kolenberg,M. Kontizas,E. Kontizas,Sergey E. Koposov,Georges Kordopatis,Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska,P. Koubsky,Sébastien Lambert,Antonino F. Lanza,Y. Lasne,J.-B. Lavigne,Y. Le Fustec,C. Le Poncin-Lafitte,Yveline Lebreton,S. Leccia,N. Leclerc,I. Lecoeur-Taïbi,H. Lenhardt,F. Leroux,S. Liao,E. Licata,H. E. P. Lindstrøm,T. A. Lister,E. Livanou,A. Lobel,M. López,S. Managau,Robert G. Mann,G. Mantelet,O. Marchal,Jon Marchant,Marcella Marconi,S. Marinoni,G. Marschalkó,D. J. Marshall,M. Martino,Gábor Marton,Nicolas Mary,Davide Massari,G. Matijevič,Tsevi Mazeh,Paul J. McMillan,S. Messina,D. Michalik,N. R. Millar,D. Molina,R. Molinaro,L. Molnár,P. Montegriffo,R. Mor,R. Morbidelli,Thierry Morel,D. Morris,A. F. Mulone,T. Muraveva,I. Musella,Gijs Nelemans,Luciano Nicastro,L. Noval,W. O'Mullane,C. Ordénovic,D. Ordóñez-Blanco,P. Osborne,C. Pagani,I. Pagano,F. Pailler,H. Palacin,L. Palaversa,A. Panahi,Michał Pawlak,A. M. Piersimoni,F.-X. Pineau,E. Plachy,G. Plum,E. Poggio,E. Poujoulet,A. Prša,L. Pulone,E. Racero,S. Ragaini,N. Rambaux,M. Ramos-Lerate,S. Regibo,Céline Reylé,F. Riclet,V. Ripepi,A. Riva,A. Rivard,G. Rixon,T. Roegiers,M. Roelens,M. Romero-Gómez,Nicholas Rowell,F. Royer,L. Ruiz-Dern,G. Sadowski,T. Sagristà Sellés,Johannes Sahlmann,J. Salgado,E. Salguero,Nicoletta Sanna,Toni Santana-Ros,M. Sarasso,H. Savietto,M. Schultheis,Eva Sciacca,M. Segol,J. C. Segovia,Damien Ségransan,I.-C. Shih,L. Siltala,A. F. Silva,Richard L. Smart,K. W. Smith,E. Solano,F. Solitro,R. Sordo,Sonia Nieto,J. Souchay,A. Spagna,Federica Spoto,U. Stampa,Iain A. Steele,H. Steidelmüller,C. A. Stephenson,H. Stoev,F. F. Suess,Jean Surdej,Laszlo Szabados,E. Szegedi-Elek,D. Tapiador,F. Taris,G. Tauran,M. B. Taylor,Ramachrisna Teixeira,D. Terrett,P. Teyssandier,W. Thuillot,A. Titarenko,F. Torra Clotet,C. Turon,A. Ulla,E. Utrilla,S. Uzzi,M. Vaillant,G. Valentini,V. Valette,A. van Elteren,E. Van Hemelryck,M. van Leeuwen,M. Vaschetto,Alberto Vecchiato,Jovan Veljanoski,Y. Viala,D. Vicente,Steven S. Vogt,C. von Essen,H. Voss,V. Votruba,S. Voutsinas,G. Walmsley,M. Weiler,O. Wertz,T. Wevers,Łukasz Wyrzykowski,A. Yoldas,M. Žerjal,H. Ziaeepour,J. Zorec,Sven Zschocke,Shay Zucker,C. Zurbach,T. Zwitter +452 more