Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma.
TLDR
In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells, and MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.Abstract:
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive human skin cancer that typically affects elderly and immunosuppressed individuals, a feature suggestive of an infectious origin. We studied MCC samples by digital transcriptome subtraction and detected a fusion transcript between a previously undescribed virus T antigen and a human receptor tyrosine phosphatase. Further investigation led to identification and sequence analysis of the 5387-base-pair genome of a previously unknown polyomavirus that we call Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV). MCV sequences were detected in 8 of 10 (80%) MCC tumors but only 5 of 59 (8%) control tissues from various body sites and 4 of 25 (16%) control skin tissues. In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells. Thus, MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.read more
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Merkel cell carcinoma in Western Australia: a population-based study of incidence and survival
TL;DR: This work has shown that even with the appropriate treatment, MCC is prone to recurrence, and metastases are common, and Australia has the highest incidence of sun‐related cancers in the world.
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Rapid identification of non-human sequences in high-throughput sequencing datasets
TL;DR: This work has shown that in <2 h, RINS correctly identified the known virus in the dataset SRR73726 and is compatible with any computer capable of running the prerequisite alignment and assembly programs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Viral-associated trichodysplasia spinulosa: A case with electron microscopic and molecular detection of the trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated human polyomavirus
TL;DR: This case is unique in representing the first case of TS confirmed by electron microscopy in which a related viral pathogen has been molecularly identified and an additional 19 reported cases classifiable as TS are tabulated and reviewed.
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The T Antigen Locus of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Downregulates Human Toll-Like Receptor 9 Expression
Naveed Shahzad,Masahiro Shuda,Tarik Gheit,Hyun Jin Kwun,Iris Cornet,Djamel Saidj,Claudia Zannetti,Uzma Hasan,Yuan Chang,Patrick S. Moore,Rosita Accardi,Massimo Tommasino +11 more
TL;DR: It is found that MCPyV large T antigen (LT) expression downregulates TLR9 expression in epithelial and MCC-derived cells and targeting of C/EBP transactivators is likely to play an important role in viral persistence and potentially inhibit host cell immune responses during M CPyV tumorigenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human Polyomavirus Reactivation: Disease Pathogenesis and Treatment Approaches
TL;DR: This review summarises the human polyomaviruses with particular emphasis on pathogenesis in those directly implicated in disease aetiology and the therapeutic options available for treatment in the immunocompromised host.
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