Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma.
TLDR
In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells, and MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.Abstract:
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive human skin cancer that typically affects elderly and immunosuppressed individuals, a feature suggestive of an infectious origin. We studied MCC samples by digital transcriptome subtraction and detected a fusion transcript between a previously undescribed virus T antigen and a human receptor tyrosine phosphatase. Further investigation led to identification and sequence analysis of the 5387-base-pair genome of a previously unknown polyomavirus that we call Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV). MCV sequences were detected in 8 of 10 (80%) MCC tumors but only 5 of 59 (8%) control tissues from various body sites and 4 of 25 (16%) control skin tissues. In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells. Thus, MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.read more
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Metagenomics and future perspectives in virus discovery.
TL;DR: The potential of metagenomics for characterization of the normal viral population in a healthy community and identification of viruses that could pose a threat to humans through zoonosis is discussed and a new model of the Koch's postulates named the ‘Metagenomic Koch's Postulates’ is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Merkel cell carcinoma demographics, morphology, and survival based on 3870 cases: A population based study
Jorge Albores-Saavedra,Kristen A. Batich,Freddy Chable-Montero,Noa Sagy,Arnold M. Schwartz,Donald E. Henson +5 more
TL;DR: It is found that Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor arising predominantly on sun‐exposed skin of older and usually immunosuppressed individuals.
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Pathologic nodal evaluation improves prognostic accuracy in Merkel cell carcinoma: Analysis of 5823 cases as the basis of the first consensus staging system
Bianca D. Lemos,Barry E. Storer,Jayasri G. Iyer,Jerri Linn Phillips,Christopher K. Bichakjian,L. Christine Fang,Timothy M. Johnson,Nanette J. Liegeois-Kwon,Clark C. Otley,Kelly G. Paulson,Merrick I. Ross,Siegrid S. Yu,Nathalie C. Zeitouni,David R. Byrd,David R. Byrd,Vernon K. Sondak,Jeffrey E. Gershenwald,Arthur J. Sober,Paul Nghiem,Paul Nghiem,Paul Nghiem +20 more
TL;DR: Although the majority of patients with MCC in this nationwide cohort did not undergo pathologic nodal evaluation, this procedure may be indicated in many cases as it improves prognostic accuracy and has important treatment implications for those found to have microscopic nodal involvement.
Journal ArticleDOI
Discovery of a New Human Polyomavirus Associated with Trichodysplasia Spinulosa in an Immunocompromized Patient
Els van der Meijden,Rene Janssens,Chris Lauber,Jan Nico Bouwes Bavinck,Alexander E. Gorbalenya,Mariet C.W. Feltkamp +5 more
TL;DR: The identification of a new human polyomavirus in plucked facial spines of a heart transplant patient with trichodysplasia spinulosa, a rare skin disease exclusively seen in immunocompromized patients, and the presence of TSV also in clinically unaffected individuals suggests frequent virus transmission causing subclinical, probably latent infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus-Infected Merkel Cell Carcinoma Cells Require Expression of Viral T Antigens
Roland Houben,Masahiro Shuda,Rita Weinkam,David Schrama,Huichen Feng,Yuan Chang,Patrick S. Moore,J. C. Becker +7 more
TL;DR: This study provides the first direct experimental evidence that TA expression is necessary for the maintenance of MCV-positive MCC and that MCV is the infectious cause ofMCV- positive MCC.
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