Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma.
TLDR
In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells, and MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.Abstract:
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive human skin cancer that typically affects elderly and immunosuppressed individuals, a feature suggestive of an infectious origin. We studied MCC samples by digital transcriptome subtraction and detected a fusion transcript between a previously undescribed virus T antigen and a human receptor tyrosine phosphatase. Further investigation led to identification and sequence analysis of the 5387-base-pair genome of a previously unknown polyomavirus that we call Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV). MCV sequences were detected in 8 of 10 (80%) MCC tumors but only 5 of 59 (8%) control tissues from various body sites and 4 of 25 (16%) control skin tissues. In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells. Thus, MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.read more
Citations
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Increased risk of histologically defined cancer subtypes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals: clues for possible immunosuppression-related or infectious etiology.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the cancer risk among people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and found that the risk of certain cancer subtypes in people with AIDS may point to an etiology role of immunosuppression or infection.
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DNA-tumor virus entry—From plasma membrane to the nucleus
Urs F. Greber,Daniel Puntener +1 more
TL;DR: How DNA-tumor viruses enter cells, take advantage of cytoplasmic transport, and import their DNA genome through the nuclear pore complex into the nucleus is discussed.
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Lack of evidence for direct involvement of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Yanis L. Tolstov,Reety Arora,Susan C. Scudiere,Klaus J. Busam,Preet M. Chaudhary,Yuan Chang,Patrick S. Moore +6 more
TL;DR: An association between chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV)–positive Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in a recent large population-based survey from Finland is described.
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A single-tube, real-time PCR assay for detection of the two newly characterized human KI and WU polyomaviruses.
Cecilia Lindau,Annika Tiveljung-Lindell,Annika Tiveljung-Lindell,Shan Goh,Shan Goh,Torbjörn Ramqvist,Tobias Allander,Tobias Allander +7 more
TL;DR: A single-tube, dual-probe, real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection and discrimination of KI and WU polyomaviruses was developed and provided a rational approach for further studies of KIPyV and WUPyV.
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Common Commensal Cancer Viruses
Patrick S. Moore,Yuan Chang +1 more
TL;DR: It is clear that the authors possess a rich and diverse virome that probably contributes to their health but also, when perturbed, causes diseases, including cancers.
References
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SV40 large tumor antigen forms a specific complex with the product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene
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Anne M. Gaynor,Michael D. Nissen,David M. Whiley,Ian M. Mackay,Stephen B. Lambert,Guang Wu,Daniel C. Brennan,Gregory A. Storch,Theo P. Sloots,David Wang +9 more
TL;DR: The presence of multiple instances of the virus in two continents suggests that this virus is geographically widespread in the human population and raises the possibility that the WU virus may be a human pathogen.
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Identification of a Third Human Polyomavirus
Tobias Allander,Kalle Andreasson,Shawon Gupta,Annelie Bjerkner,Gordana Bogdanovic,Mats A. A. Persson,Tina Dalianis,Torbjörn Ramqvist,Björn Andersson +8 more
TL;DR: The identification of a previously unknown polyomvirus provisionally named KI polyomavirus, which is phylogenetically related to other primatepolyomaviruses in the early region of the genome but has very little homology to known polyomVirus in the late region, illustrates how unbiased screening of respiratory tract samples can be used for the discovery of diverse virus types.