Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma.
TLDR
In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells, and MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.Abstract:
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive human skin cancer that typically affects elderly and immunosuppressed individuals, a feature suggestive of an infectious origin. We studied MCC samples by digital transcriptome subtraction and detected a fusion transcript between a previously undescribed virus T antigen and a human receptor tyrosine phosphatase. Further investigation led to identification and sequence analysis of the 5387-base-pair genome of a previously unknown polyomavirus that we call Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV). MCV sequences were detected in 8 of 10 (80%) MCC tumors but only 5 of 59 (8%) control tissues from various body sites and 4 of 25 (16%) control skin tissues. In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells. Thus, MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.read more
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Human Polyomaviruses in Skin Diseases
TL;DR: The use of advanced high-throughput sequencing and improved rolling circle amplification techniques have identified the novel human polyomaviruses KI, WU, Merkel cellpolyomavirus, HPyV6,HPyV7, trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomvirus, and HPyv9.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of bias induced by viral enrichment and random amplification protocols in metagenomic surveys of saliva DNA viruses.
TL;DR: Benchmark analyses of mock and natural communities of viruses improve understanding and mitigate bias in metagenomics surveys, suggesting that random amplification bias has only a minor impact on beta diversity studies of human saliva viromes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potential Mechanisms of the Human Polyomavirus JC in Neural Oncogenesis
TL;DR: The mechanisms involved in JCV oncogenesis are discussed, studies that do and do not support a causative role for this virus in human CNS tumors are reviewed, and key issues for future research are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
The tumor virus landscape of AIDS-related lymphomas.
Aaron Arvey,Akinyemi I. Ojesina,Akinyemi I. Ojesina,Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu,Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu,Gianna Ballon,Joonil Jung,Joonil Jung,Fujiko Duke,Fujiko Duke,Lorenzo Leoncini,Giulia De Falco,Eric Bressman,Wayne Tam,Amy Chadburn,Matthew Meyerson,Matthew Meyerson,Ethel Cesarman +17 more
TL;DR: Insight is provided into the joint host-virus regulatory network of primary ARL tumor samples and the understanding of virus-associated oncogenesis is expanded, as treatment may be personalized to target specific viral and virus- associated host processes that are only present in a subset of patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Comprehensive Analysis of Replicating Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Genomes Delineates the Viral Transcription Program and Suggests a Role for mcv-miR-M1 in Episomal Persistence.
Juliane Theiss,Thomas Günther,Malik Alawi,Friederike Neumann,Uwe Tessmer,Nicole Fischer,Adam Grundhoff +6 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that MCPyV may have evolved strategies to enter a non- or low level vegetative stage of infection which could aid the virus in establishing and maintaining a lifelong persistence.
References
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TL;DR: The presence of multiple instances of the virus in two continents suggests that this virus is geographically widespread in the human population and raises the possibility that the WU virus may be a human pathogen.
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Identification of a Third Human Polyomavirus
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