Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma.
TLDR
In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells, and MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.Abstract:
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive human skin cancer that typically affects elderly and immunosuppressed individuals, a feature suggestive of an infectious origin. We studied MCC samples by digital transcriptome subtraction and detected a fusion transcript between a previously undescribed virus T antigen and a human receptor tyrosine phosphatase. Further investigation led to identification and sequence analysis of the 5387-base-pair genome of a previously unknown polyomavirus that we call Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV). MCV sequences were detected in 8 of 10 (80%) MCC tumors but only 5 of 59 (8%) control tissues from various body sites and 4 of 25 (16%) control skin tissues. In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells. Thus, MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.read more
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The Genomic Landscape of Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Clinicogenomic Biomarkers of Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Todd C. Knepper,Meagan Montesion,Jeffery S. Russell,Ethan Sokol,Garrett M. Frampton,Vincent A. Miller,Lee A. Albacker,Howard L. McLeod,Zeynep Eroglu,Nikhil I. Khushalani,Vernon K. Sondak,Jane L. Messina,Michael J. Schell,James A. DeCaprio,Kenneth Y. Tsai,Andrew S. Brohl +15 more
TL;DR: The largest genomics study in MCC to date is performed to characterize the molecular landscape and demonstrate clinicogenomic associates of immunotherapy response and provide a comprehensive genomic landscape of MCC.
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MCV and Merkel cell carcinoma: a molecular success story
TL;DR: Both MCV large and small T proteins promote cancer cell survival and proliferation and large T targets pocket proteins regulating cell cycle transit while small T activates cap-dependent translation critical for cancer cell growth.
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Polyomavirus nephropathy: a current perspective and clinical considerations.
TL;DR: O Ongoing efforts to define the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and appropriate management of PVAN have led to a greater ability to prevent and control viral-induced interstitial nephritis despite continued deficiencies in understanding of risk factors for disease.
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Metagenomic analysis of microbiome in colon tissue from subjects with inflammatory bowel diseases reveals interplay of viruses and bacteria.
Weiwei Wang,Juan Jovel,Brendan P. Halloran,Eytan Wine,Jordan Patterson,Glenn Ford,Sandra OʼKeefe,Bo Meng,Deyong Song,Yong Zhang,Zhijian Tian,Shawn T. Wasilenko,Mandana Rahbari,Salman Reza,Troy Mitchell,Tracy Jordan,Eric J. Carpenter,Karen Madsen,Richard N. Fedorak,Levinus A. Dielemann,Gane Ka-Shu Wong,Gane Ka-Shu Wong,Andrew Mason +22 more
TL;DR: This study provides a promising metagenomic approach to describe the colonic microbiome that can be used to better understand virus–host and phage–bacteria interactions in IBD.
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New respiratory viral infections.
TL;DR: The clinical significance of newly discovered respiratory viruses is reviewed, and several new respiratory viruses and their subgroups have been found: human metapneumovirus, CoVs NL63 and HKU1, human bocavirus and human rhinovirus C and D groups.
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