Diversity, evolution and medical applications of insect antimicrobial peptides
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TLDR
The diversity and evolution of insect AMPs are investigated by mapping their phylogenetic distribution, allowing us to predict the evolutionary origins of selected AMP families and to identify evolutionarily conserved and taxon-specific families.Abstract:
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short proteins with antimicrobial activity. A large portion of known AMPs originate from insects, and the number and diversity of these molecules in different species varies considerably. Insect AMPs represent a potential source of alternative antibiotics to address the limitation of current antibiotics, which has been caused by the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens. To get more insight into AMPs, we investigated the diversity and evolution of insect AMPs by mapping their phylogenetic distribution, allowing us to predict the evolutionary origins of selected AMP families and to identify evolutionarily conserved and taxon-specific families. Furthermore, we highlight the use of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a whole-animal model in high-throughput screening methods to identify AMPs with efficacy against human pathogens, including Acinetobacter baumanii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus We also discuss the potential medical applications of AMPs, including their use as alternatives for conventional antibiotics in ectopic therapies, their combined use with antibiotics to restore the susceptibility of multidrug-resistant pathogens, and their use as templates for the rational design of peptidomimetic drugs that overcome the disadvantages of therapeutic peptides.The article is part of the themed issue 'Evolutionary ecology of arthropod antimicrobial peptides'.read more
Citations
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Antimicrobial host defence peptides: functions and clinical potential
TL;DR: The emerging potential to therapeutically harness cationic host defence peptides to treat infectious diseases, chronic inflammatory disorders and wound healing is assessed, highlighting current preclinical studies and clinical trials.
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The value of antimicrobial peptides in the age of resistance
Maria Magana,Muthuirulan Pushpanathan,Ana L. Santos,Leon G. Leanse,Michael Fernandez,Anastasios Ioannidis,Marc A. Giulianotti,Yiorgos Apidianakis,Steven B. Bradfute,Andrew L. Ferguson,Artem Cherkasov,Mohamed N. Seleem,Clemencia Pinilla,Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez,Themis Lazaridis,Themis Lazaridis,Tianhong Dai,Richard A. Houghten,Robert E. W. Hancock,George P. Tegos +19 more
TL;DR: The benefits, challenges, and opportunities of using antimicrobial peptides against multidrug-resistant pathogens are identified, advances in the deployment of novel promising antimacterial peptides are highlighted, and the needs and priorities in designing focused development strategies taking into account the most advanced tools available are underlined.
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Antimicrobial peptides: Application informed by evolution
TL;DR: The knowledge of the evolution and diversity of antimicrobial peptides, the rapid pharmacodynamics of which make them promising candidates for translational applications to complement efforts to overcome antibiotic resistance, are reviewed.
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Insect Antimicrobial Peptides, a Mini Review.
TL;DR: The biological effects of the major insect AMPs are reviewed and further information is provided that facilitates the study of insect AMP and shed some light on novel microbicides.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape
TL;DR: This review critically examined the role of AMPs and HDPs in infectious diseases and inflammation and explored the concept of chemical space as it applies to HDPs and hypothesize that the various functions and activities of this class of molecule exist on independent but overlapping activity landscapes.
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Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution
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TL;DR: The phylogeny of all major insect lineages reveals how and when insects diversified and provides a comprehensive reliable scaffold for future comparative analyses of evolutionary innovations among insects.