Early farmers from across Europe directly descended from Neolithic Aegeans
Zuzana Hofmanová,Susanne Kreutzer,Garrett Hellenthal,Christian Sell,Yoan Diekmann,David Díez-del-Molino,Lucy van Dorp,Saioa López,Athanasios Kousathanas,Vivian Link,Karola Kirsanow,Lara M. Cassidy,Rui Martiniano,Melanie Strobel,Amelie Scheu,Kostas Kotsakis,Paul Halstead,Sevi Triantaphyllou,Nina Kyparissi-Apostolika,Dushanka-Christina Urem-Kotsou,Christina Ziota,Fotini Adaktylou,Shyamalika Gopalan,Dean Bobo,Laura Winkelbach,Jens Blöcher,Martina Unterländer,Christoph Leuenberger,Çiler Çilingiroğlu,Barbara Horejs,Fokke Gerritsen,Stephen Shennan,Daniel G. Bradley,Mathias Currat,Krishna R. Veeramah,Daniel Wegmann,Mark G. Thomas,Christina Papageorgopoulou,Joachim Burger +38 more
TLDR
This study demonstrates a direct genetic link between Mediterranean and Central European early farmers and those of Greece and Anatolia, extending the European Neolithic migratory chain all the way back to southwestern Asia.Abstract:
Farming and sedentism first appear in southwest Asia during the early Holocene and later spread to neighboring regions, including Europe, along multiple dispersal routes. Conspicuous uncertainties remain about the relative roles of migration, cultural diffusion and admixture with local foragers in the early Neolithisation of Europe. Here we present paleogenomic data for five Neolithic individuals from northwestern Turkey and northern Greece, spanning the time and region of the earliest spread of farming into Europe. We observe striking genetic similarity both among Aegean early farmers and with those from across Europe. Our study demonstrates a direct genetic link between Mediterranean and Central European early farmers and those of Greece and Anatolia, extending the European Neolithic migratory chain all the way back to southwestern Asia.read more
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Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans
Iosif Lazaridis,Iosif Lazaridis,Nick Patterson,Alissa Mittnik,Gabriel Renaud,Swapan Mallick,Swapan Mallick,Karola Kirsanow,Peter H. Sudmant,Joshua G. Schraiber,Joshua G. Schraiber,Sergi Castellano,Mark Lipson,Bonnie Berger,Bonnie Berger,Christos Economou,Ruth Bollongino,Qiaomei Fu,Kirsten I. Bos,Susanne Nordenfelt,Susanne Nordenfelt,Heng Li,Heng Li,Cesare de Filippo,Kay Prüfer,Susanna Sawyer,Cosimo Posth,Wolfgang Haak,Fredrik Hallgren,Elin Fornander,Nadin Rohland,Nadin Rohland,Dominique Delsate,Michael Francken,Jean-Michel Guinet,Joachim Wahl,George Ayodo,Hamza A. Babiker,Hamza A. Babiker,Graciela Bailliet,Elena Balanovska,Oleg Balanovsky,Ramiro Barrantes,Gabriel Bedoya,Haim Ben-Ami,Judit Bene,Fouad Berrada,Claudio M. Bravi,Francesca Brisighelli,George B.J. Busby,Francesco Calì,Mikhail Churnosov,David E. C. Cole,Daniel Corach,Larissa Damba,George van Driem,Stanislav Dryomov,Jean-Michel Dugoujon,Sardana A. Fedorova,Irene Gallego Romero,Marina Gubina,Michael F. Hammer,Brenna M. Henn,Tor Hervig,Ugur Hodoglugil,Aashish R. Jha,Sena Karachanak-Yankova,Rita Khusainova,Elza Khusnutdinova,Rick A. Kittles,Toomas Kivisild,William Klitz,Vaidutis Kučinskas,Alena Kushniarevich,Leila Laredj,Sergey Litvinov,Theologos Loukidis,Theologos Loukidis,Robert W. Mahley,Béla Melegh,Ene Metspalu,Julio Molina,Joanna L. Mountain,Klemetti Näkkäläjärvi,Desislava Nesheva,Thomas B. Nyambo,Ludmila P. Osipova,Jüri Parik,Fedor Platonov,Olga L. Posukh,Valentino Romano,Francisco Rothhammer,Francisco Rothhammer,Igor Rudan,Ruslan Ruizbakiev,Hovhannes Sahakyan,Hovhannes Sahakyan,Antti Sajantila,Antonio Salas,Elena B. Starikovskaya,Ayele Tarekegn,Draga Toncheva,Shahlo Turdikulova,Ingrida Uktveryte,Olga Utevska,René Vasquez,Mercedes Villena,Mikhail Voevoda,Cheryl A. Winkler,Levon Yepiskoposyan,Pierre Zalloua,Pierre Zalloua,Tatijana Zemunik,Alan Cooper,Cristian Capelli,Mark G. Thomas,Andres Ruiz-Linares,Sarah A. Tishkoff,Lalji Singh,Kumarasamy Thangaraj,Richard Villems,Richard Villems,Richard Villems,David Comas,Rem I. Sukernik,Mait Metspalu,Matthias Meyer,Evan E. Eichler,Joachim Burger,Montgomery Slatkin,Svante Pääbo,Janet Kelso,David Reich,David Reich,David Reich,Johannes Krause,Johannes Krause +136 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that most present-day Europeans derive from at least three highly differentiated populations: west European hunter-gatherers, ancient north Eurasians related to Upper Palaeolithic Siberians, who contributed to both Europeans and Near Easterners; and early European farmers, who were mainly of Near Eastern origin but also harboured west European hunters-gatherer related ancestry.
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Harnessing ancient genomes to study the history of human adaptation
TL;DR: Recent 'evolution in action' analyses have started using genomic-scale ancient DNA data sets to identify and track the spatiotemporal trajectories of genetic variants associated with human adaptations to novel and changing environments, agricultural lifestyles, and introduced or co-evolving pathogens.
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Estimating genetic kin relationships in prehistoric populations
TL;DR: A group of five closely related males from the same Corded Ware culture site in modern-day Germany is found, suggesting patrilocality, which highlights the possibility to uncover social structures of ancient populations by applying READ to genome-wide aDNA data.
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Pioneer farming in southeast Europe during the early sixth millennium BC: Climate-related adaptations in the exploitation of plants and animals
TL;DR: The analyses reveal that the changes in plant and animal exploitation which occurred with the northward dispersal of farmers, crops and livestock correlate with south-north climate gradients, and emphasize the importance of adaptations in the animal domain for the initial establishment of farming beyond the Mediterranean areas.
References
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Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe
Wolfgang Haak,Iosif Lazaridis,Nick Patterson,Nadin Rohland,Swapan Mallick,Bastien Llamas,Guido Brandt,Susanne Nordenfelt,Eadaoin Harney,Kristin Stewardson,Qiaomei Fu,Alissa Mittnik,Eszter Bánffy,Christos Economou,Michael Francken,Susanne Friederich,Rafael Garrido Pena,Fredrik Hallgren,Valery Khartanovich,Aleksandr Khokhlov,Michael Kunst,Pavel Kuznetsov,Harald Meller,Oleg Mochalov,Vayacheslav Moiseyev,Nicole Nicklisch,Sandra Pichler,Roberto Risch,Manuel Ángel Rojo Guerra,Christina Roth,Anna Szécsényi-Nagy,Joachim Wahl,Matthias Meyer,Johannes Krause,Dorcas Brown,David W. Anthony,Alan Cooper,Kurt W. Alt,David Reich +38 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors generated genome-wide data from 69 Europeans who lived between 8,000-3,000 years ago by enriching ancient DNA libraries for a target set of almost 400,000 polymorphisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genome-wide patterns of selection in 230 ancient Eurasians
Iain Mathieson,Iosif Lazaridis,Iosif Lazaridis,Nadin Rohland,Nadin Rohland,Swapan Mallick,Swapan Mallick,Swapan Mallick,Nick Patterson,Songül Alpaslan Roodenberg,Eadaoin Harney,Eadaoin Harney,Kristin Stewardson,Kristin Stewardson,Daniel Fernandes,Mario Novak,Kendra Sirak,Kendra Sirak,Cristina Gamba,Cristina Gamba,Cristina Gamba,Eppie R. Jones,Bastien Llamas,Stanislav Dryomov,Joseph K. Pickrell,Juan Luis Arsuaga,José María Bermúdez de Castro,Eudald Carbonell,Fokke Gerritsen,Aleksandr Khokhlov,Pavel Kuznetsov,Marina Lozano,Harald Meller,Oleg Mochalov,Vayacheslav Moiseyev,Manuel Ángel Rojo Guerra,Jacob Roodenberg,Josep Maria Vergès,Johannes Krause,Johannes Krause,Alan Cooper,Kurt W. Alt,Kurt W. Alt,Dorcas Brown,David W. Anthony,Carles Lalueza-Fox,Wolfgang Haak,Wolfgang Haak,Ron Pinhasi,David Reich,David Reich,David Reich +51 more
TL;DR: A genome-wide scan for selection using ancient DNA is reported, capitalizing on the largest ancient DNA data set yet assembled: 230 West Eurasians who lived between 6500 and 300 bc, including 163 with newly reported data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans
Iosif Lazaridis,Iosif Lazaridis,Nick Patterson,Alissa Mittnik,Gabriel Renaud,Swapan Mallick,Swapan Mallick,Karola Kirsanow,Peter H. Sudmant,Joshua G. Schraiber,Joshua G. Schraiber,Sergi Castellano,Mark Lipson,Bonnie Berger,Bonnie Berger,Christos Economou,Ruth Bollongino,Qiaomei Fu,Kirsten I. Bos,Susanne Nordenfelt,Susanne Nordenfelt,Heng Li,Heng Li,Cesare de Filippo,Kay Prüfer,Susanna Sawyer,Cosimo Posth,Wolfgang Haak,Fredrik Hallgren,Elin Fornander,Nadin Rohland,Nadin Rohland,Dominique Delsate,Michael Francken,Jean-Michel Guinet,Joachim Wahl,George Ayodo,Hamza A. Babiker,Hamza A. Babiker,Graciela Bailliet,Elena Balanovska,Oleg Balanovsky,Ramiro Barrantes,Gabriel Bedoya,Haim Ben-Ami,Judit Bene,Fouad Berrada,Claudio M. Bravi,Francesca Brisighelli,George B.J. Busby,Francesco Calì,Mikhail Churnosov,David E. C. Cole,Daniel Corach,Larissa Damba,George van Driem,Stanislav Dryomov,Jean-Michel Dugoujon,Sardana A. Fedorova,Irene Gallego Romero,Marina Gubina,Michael F. Hammer,Brenna M. Henn,Tor Hervig,Ugur Hodoglugil,Aashish R. Jha,Sena Karachanak-Yankova,Rita Khusainova,Elza Khusnutdinova,Rick A. Kittles,Toomas Kivisild,William Klitz,Vaidutis Kučinskas,Alena Kushniarevich,Leila Laredj,Sergey Litvinov,Theologos Loukidis,Theologos Loukidis,Robert W. Mahley,Béla Melegh,Ene Metspalu,Julio Molina,Joanna L. Mountain,Klemetti Näkkäläjärvi,Desislava Nesheva,Thomas B. Nyambo,Ludmila P. Osipova,Jüri Parik,Fedor Platonov,Olga L. Posukh,Valentino Romano,Francisco Rothhammer,Francisco Rothhammer,Igor Rudan,Ruslan Ruizbakiev,Hovhannes Sahakyan,Hovhannes Sahakyan,Antti Sajantila,Antonio Salas,Elena B. Starikovskaya,Ayele Tarekegn,Draga Toncheva,Shahlo Turdikulova,Ingrida Uktveryte,Olga Utevska,René Vasquez,Mercedes Villena,Mikhail Voevoda,Cheryl A. Winkler,Levon Yepiskoposyan,Pierre Zalloua,Pierre Zalloua,Tatijana Zemunik,Alan Cooper,Cristian Capelli,Mark G. Thomas,Andres Ruiz-Linares,Sarah A. Tishkoff,Lalji Singh,Kumarasamy Thangaraj,Richard Villems,Richard Villems,Richard Villems,David Comas,Rem I. Sukernik,Mait Metspalu,Matthias Meyer,Evan E. Eichler,Joachim Burger,Montgomery Slatkin,Svante Pääbo,Janet Kelso,David Reich,David Reich,David Reich,Johannes Krause,Johannes Krause +136 more
TL;DR: It is shown that most present-day Europeans derive from at least three highly differentiated populations: west European hunter-gatherers, who contributed ancestry to all Europeans but not to Near Easterners; ancient north Eurasians related to Upper Palaeolithic Siberians; and early European farmers, who were mainly of Near Eastern origin but also harboured west Europeanhunter-gatherer related ancestry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inference of population structure using dense haplotype data
TL;DR: A novel inference framework that aims to efficiently capture information on population structure provided by patterns of haplotype similarity and an efficient model-based approach to identify discrete populations using this matrix, which offers advantages over PCA and over existing clustering algorithms in terms of speed, number of separable populations, and sensitivity to subtle population structure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Upper Palaeolithic Siberian genome reveals dual ancestry of Native Americans
Maanasa Raghavan,Pontus Skoglund,Kelly E. Graf,Mait Metspalu,Anders Albrechtsen,Ida Moltke,Simon Rasmussen,Thomas W. Stafford,Ludovic Orlando,Ene Metspalu,Monika Karmin,Kristiina Tambets,Siiri Rootsi,Reedik Mägi,Paula F. Campos,Elena Balanovska,Oleg Balanovsky,Elza Khusnutdinova,Sergey Litvinov,Ludmila P. Osipova,Sardana A. Fedorova,Mikhail Voevoda,Michael DeGiorgio,Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén,Søren Brunak,Svetlana Demeshchenko,Toomas Kivisild,Richard Villems,Rasmus Nielsen,Mattias Jakobsson,Eske Willerslev +30 more
TL;DR: The findings reveal that western Eurasian genetic signatures in modern-day Native Americans derive not only from post-Columbian admixture, as commonly thought, but also from a mixed ancestry of the First Americans.
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Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe
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