Journal ArticleDOI
Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding 9 Billion People
H Charles J Godfray,John Beddington,I. R. Crute,Lawrence Haddad,David Lawrence,James F. Muir,Jules Pretty,Sherman Robinson,Sandy M Thomas,Camilla Toulmin +9 more
TLDR
A multifaceted and linked global strategy is needed to ensure sustainable and equitable food security, different components of which are explored here.Abstract:
Continuing population and consumption growth will mean that the global demand for food will increase for at least another 40 years. Growing competition for land, water, and energy, in addition to the overexploitation of fisheries, will affect our ability to produce food, as will the urgent requirement to reduce the impact of the food system on the environment. The effects of climate change are a further threat. But the world can produce more food and can ensure that it is used more efficiently and equitably. A multifaceted and linked global strategy is needed to ensure sustainable and equitable food security, different components of which are explored here.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Ecosystem Services of Marine Aquaculture: Valuing Benefits to People and Nature
Heidi K. Alleway,Chris L. Gillies,Melanie J. Bishop,Rebecca R. Gentry,Seth J. Theuerkauf,Robert C. Jones +5 more
TL;DR: Using the typology established by The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity Initiative, marine aquaculture could be influential in supporting ecosystem services beyond solely the production of goods, through provisioning services, regulating services, habitat or supporting services, and cultural services.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal liquefaction of algae and bio-oil upgrading into liquid fuels: Role of heterogeneous catalysts
Ahmad Galadima,Oki Muraza +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the role of catalytic systems, especially the heterogeneous catalysts during the liquefaction process, was explored, and the authors analyzed critical literature on the process catalysis and simultaneously discussed new directions for further investigations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Function of wheat phosphate transporter gene TaPHT2;1 in Pi translocation and plant growth regulation under replete and limited Pi supply conditions.
TL;DR: TaPHT2;1 is a key member of the Pht2 family involved in Pi translocation, and that it can function in the improvement of phosphorus usage efficiency in wheat.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping cropland-use intensity across Europe using MODIS NDVI time series
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors characterized and mapped cropping systems in Europe, a region containing diverse cropping system, using four indicators: cropping frequency (number of cropped years), (b) multi-cropping, (c) fallow cycles, and (d) crop duration ratio based on the MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series from 2000 to 2012.
References
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon Debt
TL;DR: Converting rainforests, peatlands, savannas, or grasslands to produce food crop–based biofuels in Brazil, Southeast Asia, and the United States creates a “biofuel carbon debt” by releasing 17 to 420 times more CO2 than the annual greenhouse gas reductions that these biofuel reductions would provide by displacing fossil fuels.
The state of food insecurity in the world 2011: how does international price volatility affect domestic economies and food security?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the differential impacts that the world food crisis of 2006-2008 had on different countries, with the poorest being most affected, and present policy options to reduce volatility in a cost-effective manner and to manage it when it cannot be avoided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Forecasting agriculturally driven global environmental change
David Tilman,Joseph Fargione,Brian G. Wolff,Carla M. D'Antonio,Andrew P. Dobson,Robert W. Howarth,David W. Schindler,William H. Schlesinger,Daniel Simberloff,Deborah L. Swackhamer +9 more
TL;DR: Should past dependences of the global environmental impacts of agriculture on human population and consumption continue, 109 hectares of natural ecosystems would be converted to agriculture by 2050, accompanied by 2.4- to 2.7-fold increases in nitrogen- and phosphorus-driven eutrophication of terrestrial, freshwater, and near-shore marine ecosystems.
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