Journal ArticleDOI
Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding 9 Billion People
H Charles J Godfray,John Beddington,I. R. Crute,Lawrence Haddad,David Lawrence,James F. Muir,Jules Pretty,Sherman Robinson,Sandy M Thomas,Camilla Toulmin +9 more
TLDR
A multifaceted and linked global strategy is needed to ensure sustainable and equitable food security, different components of which are explored here.Abstract:
Continuing population and consumption growth will mean that the global demand for food will increase for at least another 40 years. Growing competition for land, water, and energy, in addition to the overexploitation of fisheries, will affect our ability to produce food, as will the urgent requirement to reduce the impact of the food system on the environment. The effects of climate change are a further threat. But the world can produce more food and can ensure that it is used more efficiently and equitably. A multifaceted and linked global strategy is needed to ensure sustainable and equitable food security, different components of which are explored here.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Similar estimates of temperature impacts on global wheat yield by three independent methods
Bing Liu,Bing Liu,Senthold Asseng,Christoph Müller,Frank Ewert,Joshua Elliott,Joshua Elliott,David B. Lobell,Pierre Martre,Alex C. Ruane,Alex C. Ruane,Daniel Wallach,James W. Jones,Cynthia Rosenzweig,Cynthia Rosenzweig,Pramod K. Aggarwal,Phillip D. Alderman,Jakarat Anothai,Bruno Basso,Christian Biernath,Davide Cammarano,Andrew J. Challinor,Delphine Deryng,Delphine Deryng,Giacomo De Sanctis,Jordi Doltra,Elias Fereres,Christian Folberth,Christian Folberth,Margarita Garcia-Vila,Sebastian Gayler,Gerrit Hoogenboom,Gerrit Hoogenboom,L. A. Hunt,Roberto C. Izaurralde,Roberto C. Izaurralde,Mohamed Jabloun,Curtis D. Jones,Kurt Christian Kersebaum,Bruce A. Kimball,Ann-Kristin Koehler,Soora Naresh Kumar,Claas Nendel,Garry O'Leary,Jørgen E. Olesen,Michael J. Ottman,Taru Palosuo,P. V. Vara Prasad,Eckart Priesack,Thomas A. M. Pugh,Thomas A. M. Pugh,Matthew P. Reynolds,Ehsan Eyshi Rezaei,Reimund P. Rötter,Erwin Schmid,Mikhail A. Semenov,Iurii Shcherbak,Elke Stehfest,Claudio O. Stöckle,Pierre Stratonovitch,Thilo Streck,Iwan Supit,Fulu Tao,Peter J. Thorburn,Katharina Waha,Katharina Waha,Gerard W. Wall,Enli Wang,Jeffrey W. White,Joost Wolf,Zhigan Zhao,Zhigan Zhao,Yan Zhu +72 more
TL;DR: This paper showed that grid-based and point-based simulations and statistical regressions, without deliberate adaptation or CO 2 fertilization effects, produce similar estimates of temperature impact on wheat yields at global and national scales.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent progress in microalgal biomass production coupled with wastewater treatment for biofuel generation
El-Sayed Salama,Mayur B. Kurade,Reda A.I. Abou-Shanab,Marwa M. El-Dalatony,Il Seung Yang,Booki Min,Byong-Hun Jeon +6 more
TL;DR: The systematic description of the technologies required for the successful integration of wastewater treatment and cultivation of microalgae for biomass production toward biofuel generation was discussed and the future directions for integrated wastewatertreatment and microalgal biomass production for industrial applications were suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mutually beneficial pollinator diversity and crop yield outcomes in small and large farms
Lucas Alejandro Garibaldi,Luísa G. Carvalheiro,Bernard E. Vaissière,Barbara Gemmill-Herren,Juliana Hipólito,Breno Magalhães Freitas,Hien T. Ngo,Nadine Azzu,Agustín Sáez,Jens Åström,Jiandong An,Betina Blochtein,Damayanti Buchori,Fermín J. Chamorro García,Fabiana Oliveira da Silva,Kedar Devkota,Márcia de Fátima Ribeiro,Leandro Freitas,Maria Cristina Gaglianone,Maria Goss,Mohammad Irshad,Muo Kasina,Alípio J.S. Pacheco Filho,Lúcia Helena Piedade Kiill,Peter Kwapong,Guiomar Nates Parra,Carmen S. S. Pires,Viviane C. Pires,Ranbeer S. Rawal,Akhmad Rizali,Antonio Mauro Saraiva,Ruan Veldtman,Blandina Felipe Viana,Sidia Witter,Hong Zhang +34 more
TL;DR: This study quantifies to what degree enhancing pollinator density and richness can improve yields on 344 fields from 33 pollinator-dependent crop systems in small and large farms from Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrated Pest Management for Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in Asia and Africa
TL;DR: An evaluation using data from 85 IPM projects from 24 countries of Asia and Africa implemented over the past twenty years finds that at least 50% of pesticide use is not needed in most agroecosystems, and successes in four types of IPM projects are assessed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecosystem-based fisheries management requires a change to the selective fishing philosophy.
Shijie Zhou,Anthony D. M. Smith,André E. Punt,Anthony J. Richardson,Mark T. Gibbs,Elizabeth A. Fulton,Sean Pascoe,Catherine M. Bulman,Peter Bayliss,Keith Sainsbury +9 more
TL;DR: It is argued here that a “balanced exploitation” approach might alleviate many of the ecological effects of fishing by avoiding intensive removal of particular components of the ecosystem, while still supporting sustainable fisheries.
References
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon Debt
TL;DR: Converting rainforests, peatlands, savannas, or grasslands to produce food crop–based biofuels in Brazil, Southeast Asia, and the United States creates a “biofuel carbon debt” by releasing 17 to 420 times more CO2 than the annual greenhouse gas reductions that these biofuel reductions would provide by displacing fossil fuels.
The state of food insecurity in the world 2011: how does international price volatility affect domestic economies and food security?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the differential impacts that the world food crisis of 2006-2008 had on different countries, with the poorest being most affected, and present policy options to reduce volatility in a cost-effective manner and to manage it when it cannot be avoided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Forecasting agriculturally driven global environmental change
David Tilman,Joseph Fargione,Brian G. Wolff,Carla M. D'Antonio,Andrew P. Dobson,Robert W. Howarth,David W. Schindler,William H. Schlesinger,Daniel Simberloff,Deborah L. Swackhamer +9 more
TL;DR: Should past dependences of the global environmental impacts of agriculture on human population and consumption continue, 109 hectares of natural ecosystems would be converted to agriculture by 2050, accompanied by 2.4- to 2.7-fold increases in nitrogen- and phosphorus-driven eutrophication of terrestrial, freshwater, and near-shore marine ecosystems.
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