Journal ArticleDOI
Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding 9 Billion People
H Charles J Godfray,John Beddington,I. R. Crute,Lawrence Haddad,David Lawrence,James F. Muir,Jules Pretty,Sherman Robinson,Sandy M Thomas,Camilla Toulmin +9 more
TLDR
A multifaceted and linked global strategy is needed to ensure sustainable and equitable food security, different components of which are explored here.Abstract:
Continuing population and consumption growth will mean that the global demand for food will increase for at least another 40 years. Growing competition for land, water, and energy, in addition to the overexploitation of fisheries, will affect our ability to produce food, as will the urgent requirement to reduce the impact of the food system on the environment. The effects of climate change are a further threat. But the world can produce more food and can ensure that it is used more efficiently and equitably. A multifaceted and linked global strategy is needed to ensure sustainable and equitable food security, different components of which are explored here.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of rising rural population density on smallholder agriculture in Kenya
Milu Muyanga,Thomas S. Jayne +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a structural model for estimating the impact of population density on input and output prices, farm size, and ultimately on smallholder behavior and agricultural intensification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Co-benefits, trade-offs, barriers and policies for greenhouse gas mitigation in the agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector.
Mercedes M. C. Bustamante,Carmenza Robledo-Abad,Richard J. Harper,Cheikh Mbow,Nijavalli H. Ravindranat,Frank Sperling,Helmut Haberl,Helmut Haberl,Alexandre de Siqueira Pinto,Pete Smith +9 more
TL;DR: Sustainability criteria are needed to guide development and implementation of AFOLU mitigation measures with particular focus on multifunctional systems that allow the delivery of multiple services from land, and policies need to be flexible enough to allow such assessments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changing man-land interrelations in China's farming area under urbanization and its implications for food security.
TL;DR: The implications for ensuring food security involve promoting the reclamation and redevelopment of inefficient and unused urban-rural construction land, reducing inefficient occupation of farmland resources, developing appropriate scale management of agriculture, and establishing a better social security system to smoothly settle down the floating rural population in the city.
Journal ArticleDOI
How climate-smart is conservation agriculture (CA)? – its potential to deliver on adaptation, mitigation and productivity on smallholder farms in southern Africa
Christian Thierfelder,Pauline Chivenge,Walter Mupangwa,Todd S. Rosenstock,Christine Lamanna,Joseph Eyre +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of conservation agriculture on soil organic carbon (SOC) and reductions in greenhouse gases are evaluated on smallholder farms from Southern Africa. But, the results show that CA systems have a positive effect on adaptation and productivity but its mitigation potential lags far behind expectations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Seagrass Meadows, Ecosystem Services, and Sustainability
TL;DR: Seagrass meadows are soft-sediment marine habitats that are comprised of a group of plants adapted to life in the sea as discussed by the authors, and these meadows have been estimated to cover up to 600,000 km 2 of the world's oceans.
References
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon Debt
TL;DR: Converting rainforests, peatlands, savannas, or grasslands to produce food crop–based biofuels in Brazil, Southeast Asia, and the United States creates a “biofuel carbon debt” by releasing 17 to 420 times more CO2 than the annual greenhouse gas reductions that these biofuel reductions would provide by displacing fossil fuels.
The state of food insecurity in the world 2011: how does international price volatility affect domestic economies and food security?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the differential impacts that the world food crisis of 2006-2008 had on different countries, with the poorest being most affected, and present policy options to reduce volatility in a cost-effective manner and to manage it when it cannot be avoided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Forecasting agriculturally driven global environmental change
David Tilman,Joseph Fargione,Brian G. Wolff,Carla M. D'Antonio,Andrew P. Dobson,Robert W. Howarth,David W. Schindler,William H. Schlesinger,Daniel Simberloff,Deborah L. Swackhamer +9 more
TL;DR: Should past dependences of the global environmental impacts of agriculture on human population and consumption continue, 109 hectares of natural ecosystems would be converted to agriculture by 2050, accompanied by 2.4- to 2.7-fold increases in nitrogen- and phosphorus-driven eutrophication of terrestrial, freshwater, and near-shore marine ecosystems.
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