Journal ArticleDOI
Sinks for Anthropogenic Carbon
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Abstract:
We have learned much about the workings of natural sinks like the oceans and terrestrial plants, but are just beginning to understand how their behavior might change as atmospheric CO2 concentrations rise.read more
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An Earth-system perspective of the global nitrogen cycle.
Nicolas Gruber,James N. Galloway +1 more
TL;DR: With humans having an increasing impact on the planet, the interactions between the nitrogen cycle, the carbon cycle and climate are expected to become an increasingly important determinant of the Earth system.
Journal ArticleDOI
A blueprint for blue carbon: toward an improved understanding of the role of vegetated coastal habitats in sequestering CO2
Elizabeth Mcleod,Gail L. Chmura,Steven Bouillon,Rodney Salm,Mats Björk,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Catherine E. Lovelock,William H. Schlesinger,Brian R. Silliman +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify key areas of uncertainty and specific actions needed to address them and identify the value of mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and salt marshes in sequestering carbon dioxide.
Journal ArticleDOI
MIROC-ESM 2010: model description and basic results of CMIP5-20c3m experiments
Shingo Watanabe,Tomohiro Hajima,Kengo Sudo,Tatsuya Nagashima,Toshihiko Takemura,Hideki Okajima,Toru Nozawa,Toru Nozawa,Hiroaki Kawase,Manabu Abe,Tokuta Yokohata,Takeshi Ise,Hisashi Sato,Etsushi Kato,Kumiko Takata,Seita Emori,Seita Emori,Michio Kawamiya +17 more
TL;DR: In this article, an earth system model (MIROC-ESM 2010) is described in terms of each model component and their interactions, and results for the CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5) historical simulation are presented to demonstrate the model's performance from several perspectives: atmosphere, ocean, sea-ice, land-surface, ocean and terrestrial biogeochemistry, and atmospheric chemistry and aerosols.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anthropogenic perturbation of the carbon fluxes from land to ocean
Pierre Regnier,Pierre Friedlingstein,Philippe Ciais,Fred T. Mackenzie,Nicolas Gruber,Ivan A. Janssens,Goulven Gildas Laruelle,Ronny Lauerwald,Ronny Lauerwald,Sebastiaan Luyssaert,Andreas J. Andersson,Sandra Arndt,Carol Arnosti,Alberto Borges,Andrew W. Dale,Angela V. Gallego-Sala,Yves Goddéris,Nicolas Goossens,Jens Hartmann,Christoph Heinze,Christoph Heinze,Tatiana Ilyina,Fortunat Joos,Douglas E. LaRowe,Jens Leifeld,Filip J. R. Meysman,Guy Munhoven,Peter A. Raymond,Renato Spahni,Parvadha Suntharalingam,Martin Thullner +30 more
TL;DR: This article showed that anthropogenic perturbation may have increased the flux of carbon to inland waters by as much as 1.0 Pg C yr−1 since pre-industrial times, mainly owing to enhanced carbon export from soils.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model
TL;DR: Results from a fully coupled, three-dimensional carbon–climate model are presented, indicating that carbon-cycle feedbacks could significantly accelerate climate change over the twenty-first century.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observational contrains on the global atmospheric co2 budget.
TL;DR: The observed differences between the partial pressure of CO2 in the surface waters of the Northern Hemisphere and the atmosphere are too small for the oceans to be the major sink of fossil fuel CO2, and a large amount of the CO2 is apparently absorbed on the continents by terrestrial ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards robust regional estimates of CO2 sources and sinks using atmospheric transport models.
Kevin R. Gurney,Rachel M. Law,A. S. Denning,Peter Rayner,David Baker,Philippe Bousquet,Lori Bruhwiler,Yu-Hsin Chen,Philippe Ciais,Song-Miao Fan,Inez Fung,Manuel Gloor,Martin Heimann,Kaz Higuchi,Jasmin John,Takashi Maki,Shamil Maksyutov,Kenneth A. Masarie,Philippe Peylin,Michael J. Prather,Bernard Pak,James T. Randerson,Jorge L. Sarmiento,S. Taguchi,Taro Takahashi,C.-W. Yuen +25 more
TL;DR: An uptake of CO2 in the southern extratropical ocean less than that estimated from ocean measurements is found, a result that is not sensitive to transport models or methodological approaches, and carbon fluxes integrated over latitudinal zones are strongly constrained by observations in the middle to high latitudes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Consistent land- and atmosphere-based U.S. carbon sink estimates.
Stephen W. Pacala,George C. Hurtt,David J. Baker,Philippe Peylin,Richard A. Houghton,Richard Birdsey,Linda S. Heath,Eric T. Sundquist,Robert F. Stallard,Philippe Ciais,Paul R. Moorcroft,John P. Caspersen,Elena Shevliakova,Berrien Moore,G. H. Kohlmaier,Elisabeth A. Holland,Manuel Gloor,Mark E. Harmon,Song-Miao Fan,Jorge L. Sarmiento,Christine L. Goodale,David S. Schimel,Christopher B. Field +22 more
TL;DR: Land- and atmosphere-based estimates of the carbon sink in the coterminous United States for 1980–89 are consistent, within the large ranges of uncertainty for both methods, indicating a relatively stable U.S. sink throughout the period.
Journal ArticleDOI
Limited carbon storage in soil and litter of experimental forest plots under increased atmospheric CO2.
TL;DR: A significant accumulation of carbon is reported in the litter layer of experimental forest plots after three years of growth at increased CO2 concentrations, suggesting that significant, long-term net carbon sequestration in forest soils is unlikely.
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