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Journal ArticleDOI

The causes and consequences of genetic heterogeneity in cancer evolution.

TLDR
Insight is gained into the common pathways of tumour evolution that could support the development of future therapeutic strategies and shape the evolution of the cancer genome through a plethora of mechanisms.
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed extensive genetic diversity both between and within tumours. This heterogeneity affects key cancer pathways, driving phenotypic variation, and poses a significant challenge to personalized cancer medicine. A major cause of genetic heterogeneity in cancer is genomic instability. This instability leads to an increased mutation rate and can shape the evolution of the cancer genome through a plethora of mechanisms. By understanding these mechanisms we can gain insight into the common pathways of tumour evolution that could support the development of future therapeutic strategies.

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Citations
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SF-010-4 Distant metastasis occurs late during the genetic evolution of pancreatic cancer

TL;DR: A quantitative analysis of the timing of the genetic evolution of pancreatic cancer was performed, indicating at least a decade between the occurrence of the initiating mutation and the birth of the parental, non-metastatic founder cell.
Journal ArticleDOI

Evolution of the Cancer Stem Cell Model

TL;DR: It is proposed that the genetic and CSC models of cancer can be harmonized by considering the role of genetic diversity and nongenetic influences in contributing to tumor heterogeneity.
Journal ArticleDOI

EMT, CSCs, and drug resistance: the mechanistic link and clinical implications

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the link between the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype and discuss how this knowledge can contribute to improvements in clinical practice.
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The Cancer Stem Cell Niche: How Essential Is the Niche in Regulating Stemness of Tumor Cells?

TL;DR: This work focuses on the CSC niche and discusses its contribution to tumor initiation and progression and examines the prospects of targeting the niche components as preferable therapeutic targets.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The hallmarks of cancer.

TL;DR: This work has been supported by the Department of the Army and the National Institutes of Health, and the author acknowledges the support and encouragement of the National Cancer Institute.
Journal ArticleDOI

Signatures of mutational processes in human cancer

Ludmil B. Alexandrov, +84 more
- 22 Aug 2013 - 
TL;DR: It is shown that hypermutation localized to small genomic regions, ‘kataegis’, is found in many cancer types, and this results reveal the diversity of mutational processes underlying the development of cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI

Comprehensive molecular characterization of human colon and rectal cancer

Donna M. Muzny, +320 more
- 19 Jul 2012 - 
TL;DR: Integrative analyses suggest new markers for aggressive colorectal carcinoma and an important role for MYC-directed transcriptional activation and repression.
Journal ArticleDOI

Cancer Genome Landscapes

TL;DR: This work has revealed the genomic landscapes of common forms of human cancer, which consists of a small number of “mountains” (genes altered in a high percentage of tumors) and a much larger number of "hills" (Genes altered infrequently).
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