The microRNAs of Caenorhabditis elegans
Lee P. Lim,Nelson C. Lau,Earl G. Weinstein,Aliaa Abdelhakim,Soraya Yekta,Matthew W. Rhoades,Christopher B. Burge,David P. Bartel +7 more
TLDR
The census of the worm miRNAs and their expression patterns helps define this class of noncoding RNAs, lays the groundwork for functional studies, and provides the tools for more comprehensive analyses of miRNA genes in other species.Abstract:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of tiny RNAs thought to regulate the expression of protein-coding genes in plants and animals. In the present study, we describe a computational procedure to identify miRNA genes conserved in more than one genome. Applying this program, known as MiRscan, together with molecular identification and validation methods, we have identified most of the miRNA genes in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The total number of validated miRNA genes stands at 88, with no more than 35 genes remaining to be detected or validated. These 88 miRNA genes represent 48 gene families; 46 of these families (comprising 86 of the 88 genes) are conserved in Caenorhabditis briggsae, and 22 families are conserved in humans. More than a third of the worm miRNAs, including newly identified members of the lin-4 and let-7 gene families, are differentially expressed during larval development, suggesting a role for these miRNAs in mediating larval developmental transitions. Most are present at very high steady-state levels-more than 1000 molecules per cell, with some exceeding 50,000 molecules per cell. Our census of the worm miRNAs and their expression patterns helps define this class of noncoding RNAs, lays the groundwork for functional studies, and provides the tools for more comprehensive analyses of miRNA genes in other species.read more
Citations
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RNAi and cancer: Implications and applications.
TL;DR: The development of new derivatized small inhibitory RNAs and more efficient methods of their delivery will facilitate the future development of these ribonucleotides as cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
A population-based statistical approach identifies parameters characteristic of human microRNA-mRNA interactions
TL;DR: The analysis supports the notion that sequence complementarity is the basis by which microRNAs recognize their biological targets, but raises the possibility that human microRNA-mRNA target interactions follow different rules than have been previously characterized in Drosophila and C. elegans.
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Emerging roles of DROSHA beyond primary microRNA processing.
Dooyoung Lee,Chanseok Shin +1 more
TL;DR: The functional and mechanistic diversity of DROSHA beyond the miRNA biogenesis pathway is discussed in light of recent findings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional integration of complex miRNA networks in central and peripheral lesion and axonal regeneration.
TL;DR: The functional synergy of some miRNAs in case of SCI and peripheral damage is described, showing how several small RNAs can cooperate in influencing simultaneously the molecular pathways orchestrating axon regeneration, inflammation, apoptosis and remyelination.
Book ChapterDOI
RNA interference and cancer: endogenous pathways and therapeutic approaches.
TL;DR: This chapter will review the link between mammalian microRNAs and genes involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and possible strategies and obstacles to harnessing RNAi for cancer therapy.
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TL;DR: The results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome are reported and an initial analysis is presented, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence.
Journal ArticleDOI
The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14
TL;DR: Two small lin-4 transcripts of approximately 22 and 61 nt were identified in C. elegans and found to contain sequences complementary to a repeated sequence element in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA, suggesting that lin- 4 regulates lin- 14 translation via an antisense RNA-RNA interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
tRNAscan-SE: a program for improved detection of transfer RNA genes in genomic sequence.
Todd M. Lowe,Sean R. Eddy +1 more
TL;DR: A program is described, tRNAscan-SE, which identifies 99-100% of transfer RNA genes in DNA sequence while giving less than one false positive per 15 gigabases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of RNA interference
TL;DR: Dicer is a member of the RNase III family of nucleases that specifically cleave double-stranded RNAs, and is evolutionarily conserved in worms, flies, plants, fungi and mammals, and has a distinctive structure, which includes a helicase domain and dualRNase III motifs.