Tying Small Changes to Large Outcomes: The Cautious Promise in Incorporating the Microbiome into Immunotherapy
Justin Chau,Jun Zhang +1 more
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TLDR
The role of the microbiome in immunology is a rapidly burgeoning topic of study as mentioned in this paper, with the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancers, along with the recognition that carcinogenesis has been linked to dysregulations of the immune system, much attention is now directed at potentiation of ICI efficacy, as well as minimizing the incidence of treatmentassociated immune-related adverse events (irAEs).Abstract:
The role of the microbiome in immunology is a rapidly burgeoning topic of study. Given the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in cancers, along with the recognition that carcinogenesis has been linked to dysregulations of the immune system, much attention is now directed at potentiation of ICI efficacy, as well as minimizing the incidence of treatment-associated immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We provide an overview of the major research establishing links between the microbiome to tumorigenesis, chemotherapy and radiation potentiation, and ICI efficacy and irAE development.read more
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PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Patients With Preexisting Autoimmune Diseases
TL;DR: The possible mechanisms of irAE are outlined, the safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in cancer patients with preexisting autoimmune disease (AID) are discussed, and the importance of early recognition, continuous monitoring, and multidisciplinary cooperation in the prevention and management of cancer patientsWith preexisted AID is emphasized.
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Exploring Gut Microbiome in Predicting the Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
TL;DR: In this article , the authors used random forest and neural networks to predict the progression-free survival of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immunotherapy and found that a functional profile of the human gut microbiome outperformed the taxonomical profile across different studies, which can be utilized to establish a model with good predictive value in lung cancer immunotherapy.
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Microbiomes, Epigenomics, Immune Response, and Splicing Signatures Interplay: Potential Use of Combination of Regulatory Pathways as Targets for Malignant Mesothelioma
B D P Setlai,Zilungile L. Mkhize-Kwitshana,Ravi Mehrotra,Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi,Zodwa Lawrentia. Dlamini +4 more
TL;DR: This review discusses epigenetic mechanisms with more focus on miRNAs and their interaction with the microbiome and the potential use of epigenetic alterations and microbiota as specific biomarkers to aid in the early detection and/or development of therapeutic targets is explored.
References
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Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1–based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors
Bertrand Routy,Bertrand Routy,Bertrand Routy,Lisa Derosa,Lisa Derosa,Lisa Derosa,Connie P.M. Duong,Connie P.M. Duong,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Maryam Tidjani Alou,Romain Daillère,Romain Daillère,Romain Daillère,Aurélie Fluckiger,Aurélie Fluckiger,Meriem Messaoudene,Meriem Messaoudene,Conrad Rauber,Conrad Rauber,Conrad Rauber,Maria Paula Roberti,Maria Paula Roberti,Marine Fidelle,Marine Fidelle,Caroline Flament,Caroline Flament,Vichnou Poirier-Colame,Vichnou Poirier-Colame,Paule Opolon,Christophe Klein,Kristina Iribarren,Laura Mondragón,Nicolas Jacquelot,Nicolas Jacquelot,Nicolas Jacquelot,Bo Qu,Bo Qu,Bo Qu,Gladys Ferrere,Gladys Ferrere,Gladys Ferrere,Céline Clémenson,Céline Clémenson,Laura Mezquita,Jordi Remon Masip,C. Naltet,Solenn Brosseau,Coureche Kaderbhai,Corentin Richard,Hira Rizvi,Florence Levenez,Nathalie Galleron,Benoit Quinquis,Nicolas Pons,Bernhard Ryffel,Veronique Minard-Colin,Patrick Gonin,Jean-Charles Soria,Eric Deutsch,Eric Deutsch,Yohann Loriot,Yohann Loriot,François Ghiringhelli,Gérard Zalcman,François Goldwasser,B. Escudier,B. Escudier,Matthew D. Hellmann,Matthew D. Hellmann,Alexander M.M. Eggermont,Alexander M.M. Eggermont,Didier Raoult,Laurence Albiges,Laurence Albiges,Guido Kroemer,Laurence Zitvogel +76 more
TL;DR: It is found that primary resistance to ICIs can be attributed to abnormal gut microbiome composition, and Antibiotics inhibited the clinical benefit of ICIs in patients with advanced cancer.
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Role of the Microbiota in Immunity and Inflammation
Yasmine Belkaid,Timothy W. Hand +1 more
TL;DR: In high-income countries, overuse of antibiotics, changes in diet, and elimination of constitutive partners, such as nematodes, may have selected for a microbiota that lack the resilience and diversity required to establish balanced immune responses.
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Metabolites produced by commensal bacteria promote peripheral regulatory T-cell generation
Nicholas Arpaia,Clarissa Campbell,Xiying Fan,Stanislav Dikiy,Joris van der Veeken,Paul deRoos,Hui Liu,Justin R. Cross,Klaus Pfeffer,Paul J. Coffer,Alexander Y. Rudensky +10 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that bacterial metabolites mediate communication between the commensal microbiota and the immune system, affecting the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Gut microbiome modulates response to anti–PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients
Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan,Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan,Christine N. Spencer,Christine N. Spencer,Luigi Nezi,Alexandre Reuben,Miles C. Andrews,Tatiana Karpinets,Peter A. Prieto,D. Vicente,K. Hoffman,Spencer C. Wei,Alexandria P. Cogdill,Li Zhao,Courtney W. Hudgens,Diane S. Hutchinson,T. Manzo,M. Petaccia de Macedo,Tiziana Cotechini,T. Kumar,Wei Shen Chen,Sangeetha M. Reddy,R. Szczepaniak Sloane,Jessica Galloway-Peña,Hong Jiang,P. L. Chen,Elizabeth J. Shpall,Katayoun Rezvani,Amin M. Alousi,Roy F. Chemaly,Samuel A. Shelburne,Luis M Vence,Pablo C. Okhuysen,V. B. Jensen,Alton G. Swennes,Florencia McAllister,E. Marcelo Riquelme Sanchez,Yu Zhang,Laurence Zitvogel,Nicolas Pons,Jacob Austin-Breneman,Lauren E. Haydu,Elizabeth M. Burton,J. M. Gardner,E. Sirmans,Jing Shan Hu,Alexander J. Lazar,Takahiro Tsujikawa,Adi Diab,Hussein Abdul-Hassan Tawbi,Isabella C. Glitza,Wen-Jen Hwu,Sapna Pradyuman Patel,Scott E. Woodman,Rodabe N. Amaria,Michael A. Davies,Jeffrey E. Gershenwald,Patrick Hwu,J. E. Lee,Jianhua Zhang,Lisa M. Coussens,Zachary A. Cooper,P.A. Futreal,Carrie R. Daniel,Carrie R. Daniel,Nadim J. Ajami,Joseph F. Petrosino,Michael T. Tetzlaff,Pradeep Sharma,James P. Allison,Robert R. Jenq,Jennifer A. Wargo +71 more
TL;DR: Examination of the oral and gut microbiome of melanoma patients undergoing anti-programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) immunotherapy suggested enhanced systemic and antitumor immunity in responding patients with a favorable gut microbiome as well as in germ-free mice receiving fecal transplants from responding patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Commensal Bifidobacterium promotes antitumor immunity and facilitates anti–PD-L1 efficacy
Ayelet Sivan,Leticia Corrales,Nathaniel Hubert,Jason B. Williams,Keston Aquino-Michaels,Zachary M. Earley,Franco W. Benyamin,Yuk Man Lei,Bana Jabri,Maria-Luisa Alegre,Eugene B. Chang,Thomas F. Gajewski +11 more
TL;DR: Comparison of melanoma growth in mice harboring distinct commensal microbiota and observed differences in spontaneous antitumor immunity, suggests that manipulating the microbiota may modulate cancer immunotherapy.