Institution
Cardiff University
Education•Cardiff, United Kingdom•
About: Cardiff University is a education organization based out in Cardiff, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 34188 authors who have published 82643 publications receiving 3046531 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Cardiff & University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire.
Topics: Population, Context (language use), Catalysis, Galaxy, Poison control
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: This review aims to address the historical use of garlic and its sulfur chemistry, and to provide a basis for further research into its antimicrobial properties.
Abstract: Although garlic has been used for its medicinal properties for thousands of years, investigations into its mode of action are relatively recent. Garlic has a wide spectrum of actions; not only is it antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and antiprotozoal, but it also has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and immune systems. Resurgence in the use of natural herbal alternatives has brought the use of medicinal plants to the forefront of pharmacological investigations, and many new drugs are being discovered. This review aims to address the historical use of garlic and its sulfur chemistry, and to provide a basis for further research into its antimicrobial properties.
513 citations
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Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute1, University of Edinburgh2, Wellcome Trust3, Peninsula College4, King's College London5, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust6, University of Manchester7, James Cook University8, Newcastle University9, University of Oxford10, University of London11, Trinity College, Dublin12, Cardiff University13, Queen Mary University of London14, St George's, University of London15, University of Dundee16, University of Cambridge17, University of Leicester18, University College London19, Moorfields Eye Hospital20, NHS Blood and Transplant21, University of Bristol22
TL;DR: The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 performed a genome-wide association scan for ulcerative colitis in 2,361 cases and 5,417 controls as mentioned in this paper, finding significant evidence of association at three new loci, each containing at least one biologically relevant candidate gene, on chromosomes 20q13 (HNF4A), 16q22 (CDH1 and CDH3), and 7q31 (LAMB1).
Abstract: Ulcerative colitis is a common form of inflammatory bowel disease with a complex etiology. As part of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2, we performed a genome-wide association scan for ulcerative colitis in 2,361 cases and 5,417 controls. Loci showing evidence of association at P < 1 x 10(-5) were followed up by genotyping in an independent set of 2,321 cases and 4,818 controls. We find genome-wide significant evidence of association at three new loci, each containing at least one biologically relevant candidate gene, on chromosomes 20q13 (HNF4A; P = 3.2 x 10(-17)), 16q22 (CDH1 and CDH3; P = 2.8 x 10(-8)) and 7q31 (LAMB1; P = 3.0 x 10(-8)). Of note, CDH1 has recently been associated with susceptibility to colorectal cancer, an established complication of longstanding ulcerative colitis. The new associations suggest that changes in the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier may contribute to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.
513 citations
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Australia Telescope National Facility1, Swinburne University of Technology2, Universidad de Guanajuato3, University of Melbourne4, Mount Stromlo Observatory5, University of New Mexico6, University of Colorado Boulder7, European Southern Observatory8, Cardiff University9, University of Western Sydney10, University of Queensland11, University of Sydney12, ASTRON13, University of Leicester14
TL;DR: The HIPASS Bright Galaxy Catalog (BGC) as mentioned in this paper contains 1000 H I brightest galaxies in the southern sky as obtained from the H i Parkes All-Sky Survey ( HIPASS).
Abstract: We present the HIPASS Bright Galaxy Catalog (BGC), which contains the 1000 H I brightest galaxies in the southern sky as obtained from the H i Parkes All-Sky Survey ( HIPASS). The selection of the brightest sources is based on their H I peak flux density (S-peak greater than or similar to116 mJy) as measured from the spatially integrated HIPASS spectrum. The derived H I masses range from similar to10(7) to 4 x 10(10) M-.. While the BGC ( z 10degrees. Therefore, the BGC yields no evidence for a population of free-floating'' intergalactic H I clouds without associated optical counterparts. HIPASS provides a clear view of the local large-scale structure. The dominant features in the sky distribution of the BGC are the Supergalactic Plane and the Local Void. In addition, one can clearly see the Centaurus Wall, which connects via the Hydra and Antlia Clusters to the Puppis Filament. Some previously hardly noticable galaxy groups stand out quite distinctly in the H I sky distribution. Several new structures, including some not behind the Milky Way, are seen for the first time.
513 citations
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TL;DR: P is presented, which captures the basic phenomenology of the seven-dimensional parameter space of binary configurations with only three key physical parameters and can be used to develop GW searches, to study the implications for astrophysical measurements, and as a simple conceptual framework to form the basis of generic-binary waveform modeling in the advanced-detector era.
Abstract: The construction of a model of the gravitational-wave (GW) signal from generic configurations of spinning-black-hole binaries, through inspiral, merger, and ringdown, is one of the most pressing theoretical problems in the buildup to the era of GW astronomy. We present the first such model in the frequency domain, PhenomP, which captures the basic phenomenology of the seven-dimensional parameter space of binary configurations with only three key physical parameters. Two of these (the binary’s mass ratio and an effective total spin parallel to the orbital angular momentum, which determines the inspiral rate) define an underlying nonprecessing-binary model. The nonprecessing-binary waveforms are then twisted up with approximate expressions for the precessional motion, which require only one additional physical parameter, an effective precession spin, χp. All other parameters (total mass, sky location, orientation and polarization, and initial phase) can be specified trivially. The model is constructed in the frequency domain, which will be essential for efficient GW searches and source measurements. We have tested the model’s fidelity for GW applications by comparison against hybrid post-Newtonian-numerical-relativity waveforms at a variety of configurations—although we did not use these numerical simulations in the construction of the model. Our model can be used to develop GW searches, to study the implications for astrophysical measurements, and as a simple conceptual framework to form the basis of generic-binary waveform modeling in the advanced-detector era.
512 citations
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TL;DR: Understanding of the underlying mechanisms must be improved to develop new therapeutic strategies to be applied at reperfusion with the ultimate aim of limiting the burden of ischaemic heart disease and potentially providing protection for other organs at risk of reperfusions injury, such as brain and kidney.
Abstract: Ischaemic postconditioning (brief periods of ischaemia alternating with brief periods of reflow applied at the onset of reperfusion following sustained ischaemia) effectively reduces myocardial infarct size in all species tested so far, including humans. Ischaemic postconditioning is a simple and safe manoeuvre, but because reperfusion injury is initiated within minutes of reflow, postconditioning must be applied at the onset of reperfusion. The mechanisms of protection by postconditioning include: formation and release of several autacoids and cytokines; maintained acidosis during early reperfusion; activation of protein kinases; preservation of mitochondrial function, most strikingly the attenuation of opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). Exogenous recruitment of some of the identified signalling steps can induce cardioprotection when applied at the time of reperfusion in animal experiments, but more recently cardioprotection was also observed in a proof-of-concept clinical trial. Indeed, studies in patients with an acute myocardial infarction showed a reduction of infarct size and improved left ventricular function when they underwent ischaemic postconditioning or pharmacological inhibition of MPTP opening during interventional reperfusion. Further animal studies and large-scale human studies are needed to determine whether patients with different co-morbidities and co-medications respond equally to protection by postconditioning. Also, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms must be improved to develop new therapeutic strategies to be applied at reperfusion with the ultimate aim of limiting the burden of ischaemic heart disease and potentially providing protection for other organs at risk of reperfusion injury, such as brain and kidney.
512 citations
Authors
Showing all 34629 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Rob Knight | 201 | 1061 | 253207 |
Stephen V. Faraone | 188 | 1427 | 140298 |
John J.V. McMurray | 178 | 1389 | 184502 |
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
John Hardy | 177 | 1178 | 171694 |
Dorret I. Boomsma | 176 | 1507 | 136353 |
Kay-Tee Khaw | 174 | 1389 | 138782 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Edward T. Bullmore | 165 | 746 | 112463 |
Peter A. R. Ade | 162 | 1387 | 138051 |
Michael John Owen | 160 | 1110 | 135795 |
Gavin Davies | 159 | 2036 | 149835 |
Suvadeep Bose | 154 | 960 | 129071 |
Todd Adams | 154 | 1866 | 143110 |
John R. Hodges | 149 | 812 | 82709 |